Nursing 251 Training Exam Questions
With Already Passed Answers.
introductory phase - Answer introduce self, explain purpose of the interview, assure privacy, time
frame, build rapport
working phase - Answer nurse collects data by collaborating with patient to identify problems and set
goals.
uses skills of listening/thinking/observing
summary/closing phase - Answer - summarize/restate findings
- validates problems/goals
- discusses plan to solve problem
Facilitation - Answer cueing to patient to continue by saying "mm-hmm", or silent gestures like head
nod. it assures that you are listening and want them to keep going
interpretation - Answer inference about feelings or concerns.
ex) "you seem anxious. are you nervous about that upcoming test?"
confrontation - Answer identifying and stating observations that seem to be at odds with
statements/behavior.
ex) "you say you don't care, but yet you are crying."
not always the best approach
empathetic response - Answer saying things like "I know that must have been really hard for you"
-nonverbal: offering tissue if pt is crying, gently touching patient's hand.
-therapeutic use of self: "I can relate to what you are going through. I got surgery last year."
,clarification - Answer ex) "you said you and your mom had a falling out. what exactly do you mean by
falling out?"
reflection - Answer reiterating what the patient said
patient: "the pain got worse and began to spread"
you: "it spread?"
nursing process - Answer ADPIE
Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
initial comprehensive assessment - Answer -collect subjective/objective data
- done at doctors office
- occurs when patient first presents to health care setting
ongoing/partial assessment - Answer -reassessment of initial problem or baseline looking for
improvement or deterioration
-beginning of shift assessment in hospitals, weekly home visits
-occurs after comprehensive database is established
focused/problem assessment - Answer - occurs in relation to a specific topic
* patient admitted w SOB
* begin with cardiorespiratory system assessment then follow with a comprehensive assessment
emergency assessment - Answer - immediate diagnosis needed to begin treatment
, * ABC airway breathing cardiovascular
- occurs rapidly when life saving acting needs to be taken
Vital signs - Answer temp, pulse, respirations, BP, PAIN
temperature ranges - Answer 37 deg C or 98.6 deg F
pulse ranges - Answer 60 - 100 adult
80 - 120 child
120 -160 infant
(rate: BPM, 2+ normal)
Respiration ranges - Answer 12-20 bpm
<12 = bradypnea (head injury, stroke)
> 20 = tachypnea (fever, anxiety, exercise)
Blood pressure - Answer pressure exerted on artery walls
ventricles contract = systole
ventricles relax = diastole
normal range: 120/80 (s/d)
pulse pressure = 120 - 80 = 40
characteristics of pain - Answer COLDSPA
C: characteristics (feel, look, sound, smell)
O: onset (when did it start?)
L: location (where is it?)
D: duration (how long has it been going on?)
S: severity (is it bearable?)
P: pattern
With Already Passed Answers.
introductory phase - Answer introduce self, explain purpose of the interview, assure privacy, time
frame, build rapport
working phase - Answer nurse collects data by collaborating with patient to identify problems and set
goals.
uses skills of listening/thinking/observing
summary/closing phase - Answer - summarize/restate findings
- validates problems/goals
- discusses plan to solve problem
Facilitation - Answer cueing to patient to continue by saying "mm-hmm", or silent gestures like head
nod. it assures that you are listening and want them to keep going
interpretation - Answer inference about feelings or concerns.
ex) "you seem anxious. are you nervous about that upcoming test?"
confrontation - Answer identifying and stating observations that seem to be at odds with
statements/behavior.
ex) "you say you don't care, but yet you are crying."
not always the best approach
empathetic response - Answer saying things like "I know that must have been really hard for you"
-nonverbal: offering tissue if pt is crying, gently touching patient's hand.
-therapeutic use of self: "I can relate to what you are going through. I got surgery last year."
,clarification - Answer ex) "you said you and your mom had a falling out. what exactly do you mean by
falling out?"
reflection - Answer reiterating what the patient said
patient: "the pain got worse and began to spread"
you: "it spread?"
nursing process - Answer ADPIE
Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
initial comprehensive assessment - Answer -collect subjective/objective data
- done at doctors office
- occurs when patient first presents to health care setting
ongoing/partial assessment - Answer -reassessment of initial problem or baseline looking for
improvement or deterioration
-beginning of shift assessment in hospitals, weekly home visits
-occurs after comprehensive database is established
focused/problem assessment - Answer - occurs in relation to a specific topic
* patient admitted w SOB
* begin with cardiorespiratory system assessment then follow with a comprehensive assessment
emergency assessment - Answer - immediate diagnosis needed to begin treatment
, * ABC airway breathing cardiovascular
- occurs rapidly when life saving acting needs to be taken
Vital signs - Answer temp, pulse, respirations, BP, PAIN
temperature ranges - Answer 37 deg C or 98.6 deg F
pulse ranges - Answer 60 - 100 adult
80 - 120 child
120 -160 infant
(rate: BPM, 2+ normal)
Respiration ranges - Answer 12-20 bpm
<12 = bradypnea (head injury, stroke)
> 20 = tachypnea (fever, anxiety, exercise)
Blood pressure - Answer pressure exerted on artery walls
ventricles contract = systole
ventricles relax = diastole
normal range: 120/80 (s/d)
pulse pressure = 120 - 80 = 40
characteristics of pain - Answer COLDSPA
C: characteristics (feel, look, sound, smell)
O: onset (when did it start?)
L: location (where is it?)
D: duration (how long has it been going on?)
S: severity (is it bearable?)
P: pattern
