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West Coast EMT Block 2 Study Guide

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West Coast EMT Block 2 Study Guide Electrical conduction of the heart - answerThe flow of electrical current causes smooth, coordinated heart contractions; they produce pumping action of the heart Depolarization - answerelectrical charges on the surface of the muscle cell change from positive t...

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  • August 19, 2024
  • 13
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • West coast Emt
  • West coast Emt
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©EXAM STUDY MATERIAL 8/9/2024 11:50 AM



West Coast EMT Block 2 Study Guide


Electrical conduction of the heart - answer✔✔The flow of electrical current causes smooth,
coordinated heart contractions; they produce pumping action of the heart

Depolarization - answer✔✔electrical charges on the surface of the muscle cell change from
positive to negative

Repolarization - answer✔✔the heart returns to its resting state, and the positive charge is
restored to the surface

Where do the electrical impulses begin? - answer✔✔Electrical impulses begin high in the atria in
the sinoatrial node, travel to the atrioventricular node and bundle of His, and then move through
the Purkinje fibers to the ventricles

Three types of muscle - answer✔✔skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Skeletal muscle - answer✔✔Voluntary muscle/Striated muscle (characteristic stripes):
Movement of the body like waving or walking/ Skeletal muscle is attached to the bones of the
skeleton

Smooth muscle - answer✔✔Found within blood vessels and intestines

Cardiac muscle - answer✔✔found only within the heart and is able to create and conduct its own
electrical impulses

Ligaments - answer✔✔Connect bone to bone

Tendons - answer✔✔Ropelike structures that connect muscles to bones

Cartilage - answer✔✔Smooth connective tissue that covers the ends of bones at mobile joints

Anatomy of lower airway: delivers oxygen to alveoli - answer✔✔Trachea (windpipe): conduit
for air entry into the lungs; divides at the carina into two main stem bronchi, right and left


Bronchioles: dilate and constrict as oxygen passes through them

, ©EXAM STUDY MATERIAL 8/9/2024 11:50 AM


Small bronchioles connect to alveoli: site of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange


Thyroid cartilage (adam's apple): forms the anterior part of the larynx


Cricoid cartilage: immediately below the thyroid


Cricothyroid membrane

Anatomy of upper airway - answer✔✔Nose, Mouth (Oral Cavity), Jaw (mandible), Tongue,
Pharynx, and Larynx (Voice Box)

The Larynx - answer✔✔Does not tolerate any foreign or liquid material and any contact will
result in a violent episode of coughing

The nose and mouth lead to the? - answer✔✔Oropharynx (throat)

The pharynx is composed of the? - answer✔✔nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

The nostrils lead to the? - answer✔✔Nasopharynx (above the roof of the mouth and soft palate)

The mouth leads to the? - answer✔✔oropharynx

Two passages that are located at the bottom of the pharynx are? - answer✔✔the trachea
(windpipe) and the esophagus (carries food to the digestive system)

The two lungs are held in place by - answer✔✔trachea, arteries and veins, pulmonary ligaments

Right lung's lobes - answer✔✔The right lung has upper, middle, and lower lobes

Left lung's lobes - answer✔✔The left lung has upper and lower lobes

Anatomy of the lung - answer✔✔

Coronal plane - answer✔✔front and back

Transverse (axial) plane - answer✔✔Top and bottom

Saggital (lateral) - answer✔✔Left and right

Midsagittal (midline) - answer✔✔Left and right (equal halves)

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