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AP Biology Unit 8 Ecology | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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AP Biology Unit 8 Ecology | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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AP Biology Unit 8 Ecology | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded |100% Verified
ecology - study of the distribution and abundance of organisms and their interactions with other
organisms and with their physical environment
population - group of individuals of the same species living in the same area
community - group of populations of different species living in the same area
ecosystem - interrelationships between organisms in a community and their physical environment
biosphere - composed of all the regions of the earth that contain living things (hydrosphere, geosphere,
and atmosphere)
habitat - type of place where an organism usually lives; descriptions typically include the organisms and
the physical and chemical characteristics of the environment
niche - all biotic and abiotic resources in the environment used by an organism
biotic factor - A living part of an ecosystem
abiotic factor - physical, or nonliving, factor that shapes an ecosystem
climate - long-term prevailing weather conditions in a given area; major components include
temperature, precipitation, sunlight, and wind
biome - large region of the earth whose distribution depends on the amount of precipitation and
temperature in an area; characterized by dominant vegetation and animal life
population growth is described by... - biotic potential, carrying capacity, and limiting factors
, population size - symbolically represented by N
it is the total number of individuals in the population
population density - total number of individuals per area or volume occupied
population dispersion - describes how individuals in a population are distributed
clumped dispersion - most common pattern, like humans in cities or schools of fish
uniform dispersion - like trees in an orchard, or plants with toxins
random dispersion - like trees in a forest; occurs because of special attractions or repulsions
age structure - describes the abundance of individuals of each age
survivorship curves - describe how mortality of individuals in a species varies during their lifetimes
type I survivorship curve (K- strategist) - describe a species in which most individuals survive to middle
age; after that age, mortality is high.
example: humans
type II survivorship curve (c- strategist) - describe organisms in which the length of survivorship is
random, that is, the likelihood of death is the same at any age
example: rodents, invertebrates
type III survivorship curve (r-strategist) - describe species in which most individuals die young, with only
a relative few surviving to reproductive age and beyond
example: oysters, species with free-swimming larvae
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