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BACE Exam-Knowledge | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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BACE Exam-Knowledge | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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BACE Exam-Knowledge | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded | 100%Verified
Clinical Trial- Phase 1 - - Tests drug in healthy individuals
- Tests for safety, dosage, and side effects
Clinical Trial- Phase 2 - - Tests on larger group of effected individuals
- Tests for efficacy and side effects
Clinical Trial-Phase 3 - - Tests on new and wider demographic
- Tests for long term effectiveness and comparisons with other medications
Clinical Trial- FDA Approval - Treatment determined effective and safe for public use
Clinical Trial- Phase 4 - - Continues to test for effectiveness and safety
- Can be taken off the market if necessary
Cell Harvesting- Indirect Cell Count - Determine concentration of cells is a liquid culture
DOES NOT tell me if the cells are viable vs nonviable- some cells may be dead
Cell Harvesting- Indirect Cell Count Reagents - - Luria Broth(Food Source)
- Shaking Incubator or shaking water bath (Incubator or Water is for 37 C; Shaking-Oxygen)
- Spectrophotometer (measures absorbance values to give concentration)
Cell Harvesting- Direct Cell Count - Determine concentration of cells in agar place
Cell Harvesting- Direct Cell Count Reagents - - Agar Plate
- Luria Broth(food source)
, - Incubator (37 C)
- Physically Count- the amount the colonies and calculate the concentration
Gram Staining - Determine if peptidoglycan is present in cell wall
Gram Staining Reagents - - Crystal Violet=Gram Positive
- Iodine= fixation
- Alcohol= decolorizer
- Safranin= Gram negative
Inserting into the Cell - Neutralize cell membrane and substance being inserted now passive disuse can
occur
Inserting into the Cell- Reagents - - Cofactors: CaCl2 or MgCl2
- Heat-shock (chemical transformation= prokaryotic) or Electricity/Electroporation (Transfection=
Eukaryotic Cells)
Lysing the Cell - Breaking (destroying cell membrane) open the cell to extract DNA, mRNA, or protein
Lysing the Cell- Reagents - - Detergent: SDS (DNA Extraction) or Lysozyme (Protein Extraction)
- Freeze-Thaw Method: Freezer, water bath/dry bath, vortexer
PCR - Copy DNA
PCR- Reagents - - DNA Sample (denaturing)
- Primers (annealing)
- Nucleotides/dNTPs (elongation)
- Taq Polymerase (elongation)
- Mix Buffer (maintain pH)
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