What is not used as a source of ATP for a 200-m sprint? correct answers Aerobic use of muscle glycogen
What is POMC and NPY/AGRP? correct answers First-order neurons that receive signals from other organs and generate signals that act on other neurons
Anorexigenic neurons correct answers Seco...
BIOC 385-Exam 3 || with 100% Errorless Solutions.
What is not used as a source of ATP for a 200-m sprint? correct answers Aerobic use of muscle
glycogen
What is POMC and NPY/AGRP? correct answers First-order neurons that receive signals from
other organs and generate signals that act on other neurons
Anorexigenic neurons correct answers Second-order neurons that decrease appetite and increase
energy expenditure that leads to less fat storage
Orexigenic neurons correct answers second-order neurons that increase appetite and decrease
energy expenditure to lead to more stored fat
How are deoxyribonucleotides derived from rebonucleotides? correct answers A single reaction
catalyzed by the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase
Nitrogen balance correct answers Human daily intake of nitrogen as equaling the amount of
nitrogen lost by excretion in the fees and urine
What inhibits adenylosuccinate synthetase? correct answers adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP)
`
How do the effects of leptin and insulin signal on anorexigenic and orexigenic neurons compare?
correct answers Both insulin and leptin are released to initiate increased energy expenditure,
which activated anorexigenic neurons.
What is the fate of carbon atoms from amino acid catabolism? correct answers Pyruvate, acetyl-
CoA, citrate cycle. NOT: urea cycle
What molecules contribute one or more atoms to the biosynthesis of a pyrimidine? correct
answers Aspartate, glutamine, bicarbonate
What is involved in purine biosynthesis? correct answers Glycine
Where can the carbons that are removed from proteins in protein catabolism be conserved?
correct answers Fatty acids, glucose, and ketone bodies
What is albinism? correct answers Autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the gene
encoding tyrosinase. This is responsible for dopaquinone synthesis, and melanin skin pigments
are produced from that.
Installing exocyclic amine in AMP and GMP synthesis from IMP correct answers AMP: uses
aspartate and GTP
GMP: uses glutamine and ATP
, What is and isn't involved in purine synthesis? correct answers Is: Glutamine and glycine are.
Glu contributes nitrogen and gly contributes both nitrogen and carbon
Aspartate directly contributes a nitrogen, found by pigeon uric acid excretion
Not: glutamate
ATP in purine biosynthesis correct answers There are 2 stages. Stage 1 requires 5 ATP
molecules, with the conversion of ATP-AMP counting as two equivalents of ATP in the PRPP
synthetase reaction. Stage 2 takes 3 ATP
What are the 4 major roles that nucleotides play within living cells correct answers -Coenzyme-
dependent reactions
-Signal transduction pathways
-Energy conversion reactions
-Genetic info storage
Shikimate pathway correct answers Produces chorismate. This produces the three aromatic
amino acids: tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine (only in plants fungi and bacteria)
Alkaptonuria correct answers a recessive mutation in the gene encoding homogentisate-1,2-
dioxygenase, an enzyme in the phenylalanine and tyrosine degradation pathways
Metabolic syndrome correct answers Abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure,
hyperlipidemia, high risk for cardiovascular disease
What chemical results from the first ring closure in purine biosynthesis correct answers 5-
aminoimidazole ribonucleotide, this is the product of stage 1 and serves as the initial substrate
for stage 2
Purine degration correct answers AMP, IMP and GMP are dephosphorylated by 5-nucleotidase
Uric acid degradation product matched to what animal? correct answers Urid acid: birds
Glyoxylate: amphibians, cartilaginous fish
Allantoin- Nonprimate mammals
Nitrogen atoms that are removed from proteins during protein catabolism are conserved where
and not where? correct answers Not: Acetyl-CoA
Are: nucleotides, biological amines, urea
What is the alanine-glucose cycle? correct answers It removes excess nitrogen from muscle cells,
using alanine as the carrier
What is the alanine aminotransferase? correct answers A reaction in the liver cells that removes
nitrogen from alanine to generate pyruvate and glutamate
How many reactions and where do the urea cycle take place? correct answers 5 enzymatic
reactions. 2 in the mitochondiral matrix and 3 in the cytosol
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