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BIO 316 Exam 1 Study Guide | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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BIO 316 Exam 1 Study Guide | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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BIO 316 Exam 1 Study Guide | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+Graded | 100% Verified
Domesticated - Animals under human control, adapted to humans
Livestock revolution - A goal to double animal production by 2050
Food, materials, draft animals, pest & weed control, storage of capital, research and cultural use - What
are some values domestic animals provide to humanity?
There was a large surplus of horses that were used for dog food - How was the commercial pet food
industry affected by the rise of cars and farm machinery?
A tin shortage led to dry kibble - How was the commercial pet food industry affected by WWII?
Macronutrient - an essential nutrient required by the body in relatively large amounts
Micronutrient - An essential nutrient required by the body in minute amounts
Catabolism - breakdown of energy and nutrients
Anabolism - growth and maintenance
Nutrient - substances required for life processes
Energy and matter cannot be created or destroyed so energy not used by animals is lost - What does
'energy out equals energy in' mean?
Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Water - What are the six nutrient groups?
, Carbs- energy
Fats- energy and fatty acids
Proteins- enzymes
Vitamins- have all kinds of uses such as building tissue and bones
Minerals-electrolytes
Water- lubricant, regulator, solvent transport medium, and chemical reactant - How are the six nutrient
groups used in the body?
Roughage - Dry forage, pasture, range, green forage, and silage
Pasture - Moist greens, nutrient content varies in different seasons, best in spring
Silage - Dry forage stored under anaerobic conditions to create silage
Energy feed - low protein and fiber, high in starch and energy, cereal grains, by-products, fruits, nuts
Mechanical, chemical action, and enzyme action - What are the three types of food breakdown?
Monogastric and ruminant - What are the two main classes of digestive systems?
1. Prehension- getting food to the mouth
2. Mastication- chewing
3. Salivation- secretion and mixing food with saliva
4. Swallowing- peristalsis moves food down the esophagus
5. Storage and chemical/enzymatic breakdown in the stomach- the stomach secretes gastric juices
which converts food to chyme, HCl denatures proteins
6. Enzymatic breakdown in small intestine- duodenum produces digestive enzymes
7. Absorption in the small intestine
8. Absorption in the large intestine- water and electrolytes
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