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Bio 316 Exam 1 Study Guide | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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Bio 316 Exam 1 Study Guide | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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Bio 316 Exam 1 Study Guide | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded| 100% Verified
Homunculus - representation of a human being inside reproductive cells at start of development
Preformation - debunked concept that an organism's reproductive cells CONTAIN microscopic versions
of adults
Epigenesis - theory of individual's final form is through a series of progressive changes
How was preformation debunked? - use of microscopic studies of chick/egg development proved
epigenesis
Sperm and Egg cells are - single cells
Stages of Embryogenesis - Fertilization, Zygote, Cleavage, Blastula, Gastrulation, Neurula (embryo)
Organgenosis, Larval Stages(metamorphosis-some), Maturity
Fertilization - fusion of sperm and oocyte (egg)
Cleavage - cell division withOUT growth
Gastrulation - 3 germ layers form (differentiation)
Neurulation - neural tube forms
Organogenesis - organs form
Larval Stages - gonad development
, Maturity - capable of reproduction (gametogenesis)
LIfe Cycle of an Organism - Gamete -> Zygote -> Embryo -> Larvae -> Adult
Cellular Life Cycle - ONE gamete -> join ONE zygote -> MANY cell embryos -> VERY many cell types
Germ Line Concept Cell types - Reproductive cells (sperm and egg) and Somatic Cells (every other body
cell)
Heritable mutation rates and Germ Line Concept - rates are reliant on when and where the mutation
occurs in germ line in either primordial cell or somatic cell
Primordial Cell mutations - all gametes will have mutation
Somatic Cell mutation - not affect germ line and will NOT be passed on
Major Types of Cleavage - Holoblastic AND Meroblastic
Holoblastic Cleavage (COMPLETE) types - Isolecithal and Mesolecithal Cleavage
Isolecithal Cleavage - Sparse, evenly distributed yolk
Isolecithal Cleavage types - Radial, Spiral, Bilateral, Rotational
Mesolecithal Cleavage - moderate vegetal yolk disposition
Mesolecithal Cleavage types - Displaced radial cleavage
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