Which of the following differentiates the biochemical standard state from the standard state when discussing standard free energy changes? correct answers pH of 7
If a typical person hydrolyzes 100.0 mol of ATP per day, how much does this ATP weigh? (The molecular weight of ATP is 507 g/mol.) co...
BIOC 385 Exam 1 || All Correct.
Which of the following differentiates the biochemical standard state from the standard state
when discussing standard free energy changes? correct answers pH of 7
If a typical person hydrolyzes 100.0 mol of ATP per day, how much does this ATP weigh? (The
molecular weight of ATP is 507 g/mol.) correct answers 50.7 kg
A reaction is always spontaneous if correct answers the change in free energy, ΔG, is negative.
Which of the following is an example of a heterotroph? correct answers yeast
Which enzyme's activity is controlled by the levels of glucose-6-P and fructose-6-P in the cell?
correct answers Phosphoglucoisomerase
Determine the relative proportions of secondary and quaternary structure(s). What best describes
these structures?
-image on smartwork correct answers The major secondary structures are beta sheets, and there
is no quaternary structure.
Which of the following correctly describes the biochemistry of the amino acids at the termini of
pepsin? correct answers two nonpolar amino acids at the N-terminus and one polar amino acid at
the C-terminus
The catalytic activity and/or conformational stability of this protein is likely dependent upon
________ of peripheral amino acid side chains. These side chains are expected to have a
________ value. correct answers The catalytic activity and/or conformational stability of this
protein is likely dependent upon
PROTONATION of peripheral amino acid side chains. These side chains are expected to have a
LOW PKA value.
Shown here is the pea glycine decarboxylase enzyme.
Protein secondary structure is important to the function of proteins and consists of three main
types: alpha helix, beta strand, and beta turn. What type of protein secondary structure is
highlighted? correct answers Alpha helix
Lipoamide is a covalently attached coenzyme that plays a key role in several decarboxylase
reactions, including glycine decarboxylase, and is attached to a lysine residue in the enzyme.
Review the molecule again. Manipulate it in order to identify the specific lysine residue that
serves as the attachment site for lipoamide in the enzyme glycine decarboxylase. correct answers
Lysine 63
There are nine lysine residues within pea gylcine carboxylase. Why would a specific lysine
attachment site for lipoamide be conserved among orthologous decarboxylase proteins? correct
answers The lipoamide needs to be precisely located near the enzyme active site.
,Which of the following is not a critical aspect of enzyme structure and function? (The structural
and functional aspects of enzymes vary widely, but for this question, be sure to focus on critical
aspects that apply to virtually all enzymes, and not just specific enzymes.) correct answers A
covalent bond forms between an enzyme and substrate following substrate binding.
The following are critical for enzyme structure and function, EXCEPT correct answers covalent
modification affecting the bioavailability of an enzyme.
The Lineweaver-Burk plot shown below is for a(n) __________ inhibitor. correct answers
competitive
(looks like that image with all three passing through one another)
Atrazine is an herbicide that disrupts the activity of photosystem II. It works in the same manner
as the herbicide DCMU, which works by correct answers binding to the site in PSII where PQB
would normally bind, thus preventing PQA from transferring an electron to PQB.
Using the information in the absorption spectra above, estimate the absorbance maximum for
each chromophore. Also, identify the color of each chromophore as it appears to most humans.
correct answers Chlorophylls a and b
Amax = 453 and 642
Green
Amax = 430 and 664
Carotenoids
Amax = 448
Orange
Phycoerythrin
Amax = 565
Red
Phycocyanin
Amax = 595
Light blue
Which of the following is TRUE regarding hemes but FALSE regarding chlorophylls? correct
answers Porphyrin ring coordinates Fe2+
Identify the structural differences and similarities between chlorophyll and heme. correct
answers Heme
Coordinates with a Fe2+ ion
, Chlorophyll
Coordinates with a Mg2+ ion
Contains a long hydrophobic tail
Present in Both
Polycyclic planar structure coordinated with a divalent cation
Absorbs visible light
There are a number of similarities, and some differences, between the Q cycle in the
mitochondrial electron transport system and the PQ cycle found in the chloroplast electron
transport system. Sort the items into the appropriate locations, depending on whether they are
unique to the PQ cycle, unique to the Q cycle, or common to both. correct answers Unique to the
Q Cycle
-Two electrons are transferred from the reduced carrier to cytochrome c.
Unique to the PQ Cycle
-Two electrons are transferred from the reduced carrier to plastocyanin.
Similar in Both Cycles
-Addition of electrons one at a time generates a semiquinone intermediate.
-The cycle converts a two-electron transfer process into two one-electron transfer processes.
-Used to translocate protons across a membrane.
Which of the following enzymes provides the building blocks for aldolase to be used in the
carbon shuffling reactions of the Calvin cycle? correct answers Triose phosphate isomerase
The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is 300 to 400 parts per million (ppm). Some
commercial growers artificially increase CO2 to 1,000 to 1,400 ppm in their greenhouses. Why
do you think they increase the CO2 concentration and what effect does the higher CO2
concentration have on photosynthesis, if any? correct answers This enables CO2 to outcompete
O2 for binding to the rubisco active site, which inhibits the oxygenation reaction of rubisco, thus
increasing the efficiency of the Calvin cycle's conversion of CO2 into carbohydrates, which
increases plant growth rates and enables higher yields.
Which of the following statements about the Calvin cycle is accurate? correct answers The
Calvin cycle does not operate at night. If it did, then the simultaneous degradation of starch and
biosynthesis of carbohydrates would decrease pools of ATP and NADPH in the stroma.
Associate each cellular condition or molecular state with its effect on the Calvin cycle. correct
answers Active Calvin Cycle
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