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Biology 114 Final Exam | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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Biology 114 Final Exam | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+Graded | 100% Verified
What happens when a protein is denatured? - It loses its 3-dimensional structure (shape) and stops
functioning normally.
Which best defines a gene in the molecular sense of the word? - a segment of DNA that encodes the
primary structure of a protein
unsaturated fatty acid -
Which of these has "kinky" fatty acid tails, is liquid at room temperature, and is healthy to eat? -
unsaturated fat
Most of these are bacteria or fungi. They are vitally important to chemical cycling because they consume
dead material and release simpler nutrients. - decomposers
Like gasoline, ___________________ are mostly made of long chains of carbon and hydrogen. They are
also rich in energy. - triglycerides (fats and oils)
Here is a scenario excerpted from a recent post in ScienceNow, a blog produced by the American
Academy for the Advancement of Science. "A drug used for decades to treat high blood pressure and
other conditions has shown promise in a small clinical trial for autism...
Several lines of evidence suggest that autism interferes with the neurotransmitter GABA... Bumetanide
may enhance the effects of GABA... In a new study, researchers... recruited 60 autistic children between
the ages of 3 and 11 and randomly assigned them to receive either a daily pill of bumetanide or a
placebo. (Neither the children's parents nor the researchers who assessed the children knew who
received the actual drug.)
As a group, those who got bumetanide improved by 5.6 points on a 60-point scale that's often used to
assess behaviors related to autism, the researchers report today in Translational Psychiatry. That was
enough to nudge the group a - Patient's drug status (bumetanide or placebo) - independent variable
,60-point scale used to measure autistic behaviors -
dependent variable
30 children who received the drug bumetanide - experimental group
30 children who received a placebo but were otherwise treated the same as those who got the drug -
control group
Modern dog breeds all descend from wolves, but through __________________ a vast range of dog
shapes, sizes, and behaviors have been produced. - artificial selection
cholesterol -
amino acid -
cells contain a nucleus and other organelles;
eukaryote or prokaryote? - eukaryote
a plant or animal;
eukaryote or prokaryote? - eukaryote
cells do not have a nucleus; DNA floats free;
eukaryote or prokaryote? - prokaryote
protist, such as an amoeba or a seaweed;
eukaryote or prokaryote? - eukaryote
bacterium;
eukaryote or prokaryote? - prokaryote
,A cell is malfunctioning, causing a health problem. To figure out why the cell has gone haywire, you
would probably need to investigate at the next level "down" and study the cell's _____________. -
molecules and organelles
As ___________________ break down, they emit energy, making them very useful for medical research
but also potentially dangerous. - radioactive isotopes
Which of the following best describes a scientific theory? - a well-developed idea that has been tested
many times and helps us predict what will happen and why
Which kinds of ideas are generally outside the bounds of science / nonscientific in nature? - Explanations
that involve supernatural beings and/or value judgments
In ecosystems, chemicals ___________; energy __________. - Chemicals are recycled;
energy flows through.
Na (sodium) becomes a positively charged Na+ ion when it - loses an outer electron
Salt and sugar are both... Hydrophilic or Hydrophilic? - Hydrophilic
Oils and waxes are... Hydrophilic or Hydrophilic? - Hydrophobic
Carbohydrates have polar regions and therefore are generally... Hydrophilic or Hydrophilic? - Hydrophilic
Substances like the fatty acid tails of lipids are nonpolar and are almost always... Hydrophilic or
Hydrophilic? - Hydrophobic
Your body contains well over 10,000 different kinds of __________, which is far greater than the
diversity of the other macromolecule types. These big and oddly shaped molecules play a huge range of
roles including structure, movement, defense, recognition, and speeding up chemical reactions. -
proteins
, Can aerobic exercise boost your brain power? To test this idea, a study was done where 29 participants
were put on an aerobic exercise program and another 29 participants did a stretching program. Which
group was the control group? - The participants who did the stretching, but not aerobic exercise.
provide structure, act as enzymes, allow recognition and motion, and much more - proteins
store energy, make up cell membranes, can act as a waterproofing sealant, and some function as
hormones - lipids
main function is to store energy and deliver it to cells; some are used as a structural material by plants -
carbohydrates
two atoms share electrons, creating a durable molecule - covalent bond
example: the attraction between Na+ and Cl- in table salt - ionic bond
the H atom of one polar molecule is attracted to the O or N atom in another polar molecule - hydrogen
bond
Scenario: C. dificile is a bacterium that can cause colitis (bloody diarrhea and fever) in humans. People
infected with C. dificile are normally treated with antibiotics but this often doesn't work. A newer
approach is to provide patients with "transplants" of feces from healthy people. The "good bacteria" in
the feces often restore the patient's digestive system back to a healthier state. As reported recently in
the Boston Globe, "In a new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine 13 of 16 patients
given a fecal transplant saw their [C. dificile colitis] symptoms resolve. In contrast, less than a third of
patients who received traditional antibiotic treatment recovered." Match the items below to show an
understanding of scientific methods.
What are the experimental group, control group, independent variable, and dependent variable? - the
patients who were given a fecal transplant - experimental group
the patients who were given a traditional antibiotic treatment -
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