COSC 253 Exam 3 || Questions and 100% Verified Answers.
Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their needs. correct answers sustainability
Is wood sustainable? correct answers yes
Why is wood sustainable? correct answers because we can always grow more trees
Derived from Latin meaning "to bear cones"-cones are a common feature of most. One way to
identify is to look at the leaves-needles or scale-like. Usually evergreen trees or shrubs with
linear, needle or scale-like leaves. correct answers conifers
Varieties of wood: correct answers softwood or hardwood
Broad-leafed trees: ex. oak. Deciduous, used for moldings, paneling, furniture, kitchen cabinetry,
and finish flooring. Quarter sawn at the mill. correct answers hardwoods
coniferous trees; ex. pine. Used for framing, heating and paneling, window and door frames,
decay resistant woods, plain sawed at the mill. correct answers softwoods
The directions of the long axes of wood cells is referred to as the __ of the wood. correct answers
grain
Knots, shake, and splits are examples of __. correct answers natural defects
Bows, crooks, cups, and twists are examples of __. correct answers manufacturing defects
Wood is __ which means it has the ability to absorb moisture. correct answers hygroscopic
The hard fibrous substance lying beneath the bark of trees. correct answers wood
Wood that has been sawn into construction members. correct answers lumber
Lumber that is five inches or larger in its least dimension. correct answers timber
Framing lumber is considered season if its moisture content is __% or less. correct answers 19
Cut horizontal or vertical, distinct grain pattern, may twist, cup wear unevenly, raised grain,
shrink/swells more in width, less in thickness, less waster, lower cost, softwood correct answers
plainsawed
Start from the circumference and work towards the middle, even grain pattern, wears evenly, less
warpage, raised grain, shrink/swells more in thickness, less in width, more waster, higher cost,
hardwood correct answers quartersawed
, To minimize shrinkage, lumber should be __ before installation. correct answers seasoned
Two ways to accomplish seasoning include: correct answers air drying and kiln drying
Takes several months and leaves 6% to 20% moisture in the lumber depending on location.
correct answers air drying lumber
Takes only a few days and moisture content is between 6% and 9% correct answers kiln drying
lumber
Is wood stronger in compression or tension? correct answers compression
The strength of a piece of wood depends chiefly on what? correct answers species, grade, and the
direction of the load in respect to the direction of the grain
Lumber yards include: correct answers boards, dimension lumber, and timbers
Sheathing, siding, flooring, paneling, trim and patterned millwork are all examples of what?
correct answers boards
light framing, joists, planks, roof and floor decking are all examples of what? correct answers
dimension lumber
post, beams, stringers are all examples of what? correct answers timbers
lumber is __ to make it smooth and more dimensionally precise. correct answers surfaced
Is the actual or nominal dimension smaller? correct answers actual
lumber sizes in the US are given as __ dimensions in inches. correct answers nominal
the nominal dimension is the size of the lumber before/after it is seasoned and surfaced.
Therefore, the actual size of the lumber is smaller. correct answers before
What is the actual size of a 2 x 6? correct answers 1 1/2 x 5 1/2
the amount of lumber in a piece with nominal dimensions of 1" thick x 1' wide x 1' long correct
answers board foot
lumber is graded for __ or __ depending of its end use. correct answers appearance or strength
Grading lumber standard correct answers ASTM D245
The number size, type and location of visual defects, ring density, growth and manufacturing
characteristics, the grade of the lumber in then stamped on it, along with a mill ID. correct
answers visual grading
