COSC 1307 Lecture Test 1 (Appendix A, Ch. 1, Ch. 2) || with 100% Error-free Answers.
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Course
COSC 1307
Institution
COSC 1307
hardware correct answers the physical devices associated with a computer system
software correct answers the set of instructions the hardware executes to carry out specific tasks
computer correct answers an electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory...
COSC 1307 Lecture Test 1 (Appendix A, Ch. 1, Ch. 2) || with
100% Error-free Answers.
hardware correct answers the physical devices associated with a computer system
software correct answers the set of instructions the hardware executes to carry out specific tasks
computer correct answers an electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored
in its own memory that can accept, manipulate, and store data
central processing unit (CPU) correct answers The actual hardware that interprets and executes
the program (software) instructions and coordinates how all the other hardware devices work
together
primary storage correct answers The computer's main memory, which consists of the random
access memory (RAM), cache memory, and the read-only memory (ROM) that is directly
accessible to the CPU
secondary storage correct answers consists of equipment designed to store large volumes of data
for long-term storage (ex: hard drive, memory card, CD)
input devices correct answers Equipment used to capture information and commands (ex: mouse,
keyboard, scanner)
output devices correct answers equipment used to see, hear, or otherwise accept the results of
information processing requests (ex: monitor, printer)
communication devices correct answers equipment used to send information and receive it from
one location to another (ex: modem)
arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) correct answers performs all arithmetic operations (for example,
addition and subtraction) and all logic operations (such as sorting and comparing numbers)
megahertz (MHz) correct answers The number of millions of CPU cycles per second
gigahertz (GHz) correct answers The number of billions of CPU cycles per second
clock speed correct answers the speed of the internal clock of a CPU that sets the pace at which
operations proceed within the computer's internal processing circuitry
word length correct answers number of bits (0s and 1s) that can be processed by the CPU at any
one time. Computers work in terms of bits and bytes using electrical pulses that have two states:
on and off
, bus width correct answers the size of the internal electrical pathway along which signals are sent
from one part of the computer to another. A wider bus can move more data, hence faster
processing.
chip line width correct answers the distance between transistors on a chip. The shorter the chip
line width the faster the chip since more transistors can be placed on a chip and the data and
instructions travel short distances during processing
complex instruction set computer (CISC) chips correct answers a type of CPU that can recognize
as many as 100 or more instructions, enough to carry out most computations directly
reduced instruction set computer (RISC) chips correct answers limit the number of instructions
the CPU can execute to increase processing speed
random access memory (RAM) correct answers the computer's primary working memory, in
which program instructions and data are stored so that they can be accessed directly by the CPU
via the processor's high-speed external data bus
volatility correct answers refers to RAM's complete loss of stored information if power is
interrupted. RAM is volatile and its contents are lost when the computer's electric supply fails
cache memory correct answers a small unit of ultra-fast memory that is used to store recently
accessed or frequently accessed data so that the CPU does not have to retrieve this data from
slower memory circuits such as RAM
read-only memory (ROM) correct answers the portion of a computer's primary storage that does
not lose its contents when one switches off the power
flash memory correct answers a special type of rewritable read-only memory (ROM) that is
compact and portable
memory cards correct answers contain high-capacity storage that holds data such as captured
images, music, or text files
memory sticks correct answers provide nonvolatile memory for a range of portable devices
including computers, digital cameras, MP3 players, and PDAs
how is storage capacity measured? correct answers bytes, megabytes being the most common
unit
megabyte (MB or M or Meg) correct answers Roughly 1 million bytes
gigabyte (GB or Gig) correct answers about 1 billion bytes
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