NSG 3050 Pathophysiology Objective
Assessment Guide Exam Questions
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Proto-oncogenes - correct answer Genes that direct protein
synthesis/cellular growth
Oncogenes - correct answer mutant genes
Tumor-suppressor genes - correct answer encode proteins that
in their normal state negatively regulate proliferation
-AKA- anti-oncogenes
Oncogene activation - correct answer point mutation in RAS
gene converts from regulated to unregulated
-translocations
Characteristics of Cancer Cells - correct answer -^ # cells
-loss of normal arrangement
-^ nuclear size and density
-^ mitotic activity
-abnormal mitosis and chromosomes
-initiate dysfunction of other sys.
,Tumor spread - correct answer -direct invasion
-metastases to distant organs
-metastasis by implantation
Localized S/S - correct answer -change in confirmation of
tissues
-localized pain
-obstruction of blood or lymphatic flow
-tissue necrosis can lead to infections
Systemis S/S - correct answer -Fatigue
-Syndrome of cachexia
-Anemia
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