Adult Echo Pathology Exam Solved 2024
A "B" bump on a mitral valve M-mode tracing often seen in patients with a dilated
cardiomyopathy may indicate:
A. Mitral regurgitation
B. Elevated left ventricular end diastolic pressure
C. Systolic anterior motion
D. Mitral stenosis - ANSWER-B. Elevated left ventricular end diastolic pressure
A "daggered" shaped aortic waveform best describes this cardiomyopathy:
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Aortic regurgitation
C. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
D. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - ANSWER-D. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
a 2D examination of a parasternal short axis view of the aortic valve demonstrates a
thickened aortic valve, left atrial dilitation and a "football" shaped systolic opening. This
is suspicious of:
A. Normal aortic valve
B. Aortic reguritation
C. Unicuspid aortic valve
D. Bicuspid aortic valve - ANSWER-D. Bicuspid aortic valve
A 2D finding of pulmonary hypertension may include:
A. Pulmonic valve prolapse
B. Right ventricular hypertrophy
C. Dilated aorta
D. Sclerotic aortic valve - ANSWER-B. Right ventricular hypertrophy
A cardiac mass involving the superior and inferior portions of the interatrial septum is
most likely:
A. Hemangioma
B. Lipomatus hypertrophy
C. Tumor
D. Mesotheliomoa - ANSWER-B. Lipomatus Hypertrophy
A cause for acute MR might be:
A. Infective endocarditis
B. AS
C. MS
D. Hypertrophic CMO - ANSWER-A. Infective endocarditis
A cause of constrictive pericarditis may be:
A. Lack of exercise
B. Post cardiac surgery
,C. Hypertension
D. High cholesterol - ANSWER-B. Post cardiac surgery
A cause of pericarditis may be:
A. idiopathic
B. radiation
C. Infectious
D. All of the above - ANSWER-D. All of the above
A common abnormality seen in patients with Aquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is:
A. MR
B. Hypertrophic CMO
C. Dilated aorta
D. Pericardial effusion - ANSWER-D. Pericardial effusion
A common cause for an aortic dissection is:
A. Atherosclerosis
B. Blunt chest trauma
C. Systemic hypertension
D. All of the above - ANSWER-D. All of the above
a common complication associated with a left anterior descending occlusion causing
apical akinesis is:
A. Pseudoaneurysm
B. Papillary muscle defect
C. Ventricular septal defect
D. Apical thromus - ANSWER-D. Apical thrombus
A common congenital abnormality associated with down's syndrome is:
A. Bicuspid aortic valve
B. Mitral valve prolapse
C. Patent ductus arteriosus
D. Atrioventricular septal defect - ANSWER-D. Atrioventricular septal defect
(AKA Endocardial septal defect)
A common electrical abnormality seen in patients with a dilated cardiomyopathy is?
A. Heart blocks
B. Atrial tachycardia
C. Sinus bradycardia
D. Conduction defects - ANSWER-D. Conduction defects
(also first degree block)
A common left heart abnormality that causes pulmonary hypertension is:
A. Mild aortic regurgitation
B. Mild aortic stenosis
C. Mitral valve prolapse
, D. Moderate to severe mitral stenosis - ANSWER-D. Moderate to severe mitral stenosis
A complication from a myocardial infarction where the free wall ruptures and blood is
confined by the pericardium is known as:
A. Membranous VSD
B. Pseudoaneurysm
C. Mitral stenosis
D. Tricuspid valve prolapse - ANSWER-B. Pseudoaneurysm
A complication of a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is:
A. Sudden death
B. Myocardial infarction
C. Mitral valve prolapse
D. Infective endocarditis - ANSWER-A. Sudden death
A congenital abnormality of the tricuspid valve in which one, both or all of the tricuspid
leaflets are downwardly displaced causing the right ventricle to become atrialized is
know as:
A. Total anomalous tricuspid venous return
B. Eisenmenger's syndrome
C. Tricuspid valve prolapse
D. Ebstien's anomaly - ANSWER-D. Ebstien's anomaly
A continuous wave tracing of the aortic valve demonstrates a pressure half time of 175
msec. This indicates what degree of aortic regurgitation?
A. Mild
B. Moderate
C. Moderate to severe
D. Severe - ANSWER-D. Severe
A finding associated with pulmonic stenosis may be:
A. Asymmetrical hypertrophy
B. Left ventricular hypertrophy
C. Thickened tricuspid valve
D. Right ventricular hypertrophy - ANSWER-D. Right ventricular hypertrophy
A finding of holodiastolic flow reversal in the descending aorta may be a false positive
finding of severe aortic regurgitation if the patient has:
A. An atrial septal defect
B. A patent ductus arteriosus
C. Ebstien's anomaly
D. A ventricular septal defect - ANSWER-B. A patent ductus arteriosus
A heart sound found in patients with cardiac tamponade is:
A. Muffled heart sounds
B. Pericardial knock
A "B" bump on a mitral valve M-mode tracing often seen in patients with a dilated
cardiomyopathy may indicate:
A. Mitral regurgitation
B. Elevated left ventricular end diastolic pressure
C. Systolic anterior motion
D. Mitral stenosis - ANSWER-B. Elevated left ventricular end diastolic pressure
A "daggered" shaped aortic waveform best describes this cardiomyopathy:
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Aortic regurgitation
C. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
D. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - ANSWER-D. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
a 2D examination of a parasternal short axis view of the aortic valve demonstrates a
thickened aortic valve, left atrial dilitation and a "football" shaped systolic opening. This
is suspicious of:
A. Normal aortic valve
B. Aortic reguritation
C. Unicuspid aortic valve
D. Bicuspid aortic valve - ANSWER-D. Bicuspid aortic valve
A 2D finding of pulmonary hypertension may include:
A. Pulmonic valve prolapse
B. Right ventricular hypertrophy
C. Dilated aorta
D. Sclerotic aortic valve - ANSWER-B. Right ventricular hypertrophy
A cardiac mass involving the superior and inferior portions of the interatrial septum is
most likely:
A. Hemangioma
B. Lipomatus hypertrophy
C. Tumor
D. Mesotheliomoa - ANSWER-B. Lipomatus Hypertrophy
A cause for acute MR might be:
A. Infective endocarditis
B. AS
C. MS
D. Hypertrophic CMO - ANSWER-A. Infective endocarditis
A cause of constrictive pericarditis may be:
A. Lack of exercise
B. Post cardiac surgery
,C. Hypertension
D. High cholesterol - ANSWER-B. Post cardiac surgery
A cause of pericarditis may be:
A. idiopathic
B. radiation
C. Infectious
D. All of the above - ANSWER-D. All of the above
A common abnormality seen in patients with Aquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is:
A. MR
B. Hypertrophic CMO
C. Dilated aorta
D. Pericardial effusion - ANSWER-D. Pericardial effusion
A common cause for an aortic dissection is:
A. Atherosclerosis
B. Blunt chest trauma
C. Systemic hypertension
D. All of the above - ANSWER-D. All of the above
a common complication associated with a left anterior descending occlusion causing
apical akinesis is:
A. Pseudoaneurysm
B. Papillary muscle defect
C. Ventricular septal defect
D. Apical thromus - ANSWER-D. Apical thrombus
A common congenital abnormality associated with down's syndrome is:
A. Bicuspid aortic valve
B. Mitral valve prolapse
C. Patent ductus arteriosus
D. Atrioventricular septal defect - ANSWER-D. Atrioventricular septal defect
(AKA Endocardial septal defect)
A common electrical abnormality seen in patients with a dilated cardiomyopathy is?
A. Heart blocks
B. Atrial tachycardia
C. Sinus bradycardia
D. Conduction defects - ANSWER-D. Conduction defects
(also first degree block)
A common left heart abnormality that causes pulmonary hypertension is:
A. Mild aortic regurgitation
B. Mild aortic stenosis
C. Mitral valve prolapse
, D. Moderate to severe mitral stenosis - ANSWER-D. Moderate to severe mitral stenosis
A complication from a myocardial infarction where the free wall ruptures and blood is
confined by the pericardium is known as:
A. Membranous VSD
B. Pseudoaneurysm
C. Mitral stenosis
D. Tricuspid valve prolapse - ANSWER-B. Pseudoaneurysm
A complication of a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is:
A. Sudden death
B. Myocardial infarction
C. Mitral valve prolapse
D. Infective endocarditis - ANSWER-A. Sudden death
A congenital abnormality of the tricuspid valve in which one, both or all of the tricuspid
leaflets are downwardly displaced causing the right ventricle to become atrialized is
know as:
A. Total anomalous tricuspid venous return
B. Eisenmenger's syndrome
C. Tricuspid valve prolapse
D. Ebstien's anomaly - ANSWER-D. Ebstien's anomaly
A continuous wave tracing of the aortic valve demonstrates a pressure half time of 175
msec. This indicates what degree of aortic regurgitation?
A. Mild
B. Moderate
C. Moderate to severe
D. Severe - ANSWER-D. Severe
A finding associated with pulmonic stenosis may be:
A. Asymmetrical hypertrophy
B. Left ventricular hypertrophy
C. Thickened tricuspid valve
D. Right ventricular hypertrophy - ANSWER-D. Right ventricular hypertrophy
A finding of holodiastolic flow reversal in the descending aorta may be a false positive
finding of severe aortic regurgitation if the patient has:
A. An atrial septal defect
B. A patent ductus arteriosus
C. Ebstien's anomaly
D. A ventricular septal defect - ANSWER-B. A patent ductus arteriosus
A heart sound found in patients with cardiac tamponade is:
A. Muffled heart sounds
B. Pericardial knock
