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BMSC 230 Module 10 questions with correct answers 2024/2025
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BMSC 230 Module 10 questions with correct answers 2024/2025
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BMSC 230 Module 10How are phospholipids and triglycerols similar? - ANSboth have a glycerol backbone where fatty
acids are linked
What is the difference between phospholipids and triglycerols? - ANStriglycerol- 3 fatty acids are
attached to the 3 carbons
phospholipids- only 2 fatty acids are attached to carbons
and it has a phosphate head group on 3rd carbon
what is a common precursor for both classes of lipids? - ANSglycerol 3 phosphate
where can the glycerol 3 phosphate be derived from? - ANSglycerol released from the adipose
when triglycerol is degraded
from the conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (in liver and other tissues)
what does the synthesis of phosphatidate from glycerol 3-P consist of? - ANS2 consecutive
additions of fatty acids to carbon 1 and 2
what kind of bond are the fatty acids attached to on the 1 and 2 carbons on the phosphatidate
molecule? - ANSester linkages
what kind of fatty acid is on 1 and 2 carbons? - ANScarbon 1- saturated fatty acid
carbon 2- unsaturated fatty acid
what does carbon 3 have? - ANSthe head phosphate group
what will carbon 3 and the head phosphate group do? - ANSwill facilitate addition of different
head groups to form different head groups to form different phospholipids
what are the conversion stages of glycerol 3 phosphate to phosphatidate? - ANSglycerol 3 P -->
lysophosphatidate --> phosphatidate
what catalyzes the reaction of phosphatidase conversion to triacylglycerol? - ANStriacylglycerol
synthetase
where is triacylglycerol synthetase located? - ANSin the ER membrane
What is the first step of the conversion of phosphatidate to triacylglycerol? - ANSphosphate
group is cleaved off
to from dicylglycerol
, What is the second step? - ANSthe third fatty acid is linked to carbon 3 to form triacylglycerol
What serves as an activated substrate? - ANSCoA derivative
What happens to triacylglycerol under normal conditions? - ANSgets synthesized in liver and
then sent to muscle for fuel or to adipose tissue where it is stored for future energy needs
what are some common phospholipids? - ANSphosphatidylcholine
phosphatidylethanolamine
phosphatidylserine
phosphatidylinositol
how do phospholipids differ? - ANShead group attached to the phosphate group on the third
carbon
what are phospholipids? - ANSamphiphilic
very non-polar region due to 2 fatty acid chains and a highly polar head group
where does phospholipid synthesis take place? - ANSendoplasmic reticulum
what does phospholipid synthesis use as a precursor? - ANSphosphatidate to where alcohol is
linked
what do lipids rely on for it to become activated? - ANSeither diacylglycerol or the alcohol group
linked to CDP
depending on reactant
how is diacylglycerol activated? - ANSby linking a CDP molecule to it
What happens after diacylglycerol is activated? - ANSphosphatidate reacts with CTP to form
CDP-diacylglycerol
the pyrophosphate released becomes hydrolyzed in the cell to 2 Pi
the energy released from this hydrolysis drives reaction forward
what drives the conversion of phosphatidate to CDP-diacylglycerol forward? - ANSenergy
released from the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate
what does the CDP-diacylglycerol then do? - ANSreacts with an alcohol such as choline to form
the phospholipid with the release of CMP
What happens in the case of mammals, what gets activated instead of the diacylglycerol? -
ANSthe alcohol gets activated by linking it to the CDP
what is the most abundant phospholipid in animals? - ANSphosphatidylcholine
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