APEA mood disorders-Questions with Correct Answers/ Verified
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Course
Apea
Institution
Apea
Neurotransmitters (NTs)= MAO system
Norepinephrine
Serotonin and GABA (aahhh)
Dopamine
Others - what controls mood?
Neurotransmitters: • Serotonin (5-HT), GABA, norepinephrine, dopamine
NTs: help communication between neurons in the synaptic cleft
Transporters: help neurotransmitters move ...
• PHQ-9: 9 questions; used to screen and monitor response to treatment (88% sensitivity, 88%
specificity) Validated in older adults, cognitively impaired adults, nursing home residents Mandated
in Medicare-certified nursing homes
• Indications for labs: First episode of depression Precipitant unclear Severe depression Older age -
✔✔If positive depression screen, what next?
• CBC, chemistry panel (esp. older adults)
• TSH • Glucose (FBS)
• B12, folate (esp. older adults)
• Pregnancy test (few meds are safe)
• Urine drug screens (if suspect)
• Other labs as guided by history, ROS, exam, etc. - ✔✔Labs to Consider in depression?
• S = sleep issues (too much or too little)
• I = interests
• G = guilt (or worthlessness)
• E = energy
• C = concentration difficulties
• A = appetite
• P = psychomotor agitation or irritation
• S = suicidality - ✔✔Depression: Associated Symptoms — "SIG E Caps"?
• ≥5 symptoms present
Most of the day
Nearly every day • ≥2 weeks • One symptom is depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure
(anhedonia) - ✔✔Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?
• ≥2-4+ symptoms present:
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