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Straighterline A and P 2 Cum Exam Questions and Answers.
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Straighterline A and P 2 Cum Exam Questions and Answers.
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Straighterline A and P 2 Cum ExamQuestions and Answers
The Cardiovascular system - ANS-The transport system of the body responsible for
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carrying oxygen and nutrients to the body and carrying away carbon dioxide and other
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wastes; composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
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Blood Types - ANS-Blood Type- Antigen- Antibody
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A A ANTI-B
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B B ANTI-A
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AB A & B NEITHER
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O NEITHER BOTH
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Type AB - ANS-universal recipient
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Type O - ANS-universal donor can only receive type O
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Purpose/function of blood - ANS-- move and process molecules, gases, waste and h h h h h h h h h h h
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-Regulating pH and osmosis h h h
-Maintaining bodily temps. h h
-Protecting the body against foreign substances h h h h h
-Assisting in the clotting process. h h h h
Formed Elements make up 55% of blood - ANS--red blood cell (erythrocytes)- 95% of
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hblood, do not have nuclei, transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to the body.
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-white blood cell-(neutrophils) only formed have nuclei- 5 types -platelets- 250-400
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hthousand- clear/white fluid h h
-Plasma- 55% h
vascular Spasm - ANS-A prompt constriction of a broken vessel. Most immediate
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protection against blood loss
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Prevent clots from forming - ANS-Platelet, dilution and anticoagulation
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Blood Diseases and Disorders - ANS-DVT, mononucleosis, sickle-cell anemia and
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thrombocytopenia, stroke
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Function of the heart - ANS--to act as a pump to send blood throughout the body.
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, -1/3 contraction and 2/3 relaxation.
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Anatomy of the heart - ANS-4 chambers-lt/rt atrium and lt/rt ventricles-receive and
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return blood to the body
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2 major divisions- pulmonary(right) and systemic (left)circuits
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Heart Wall-Myocardium- contracts and conducts electricity.
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percarduim- sac surrounding the heart andreduces friction h h h h h h
Composition of Blood - ANS-Red blood cells-white blood cells (diff= percentages and
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types)- hemoglobin-hematocrit= measurement is the percentage of blood that consist of
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red cells.
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Physiology of the heart - ANS-Right-carries waste and carbon dioxide in blood to the
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lungs and oxygen-rich blood back to the heart.
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Left- send blood to body cells and carries waste away from body cells.
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Circulation of the heart - ANS-moves through body via valves
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Blood flow of the heart - ANS-
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Arteries - ANS-RED-carry blood away from the heart
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aorta is the largest
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Arterioles- transport blood from small arteries to capillaries.
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Veins - ANS-BLUE-Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
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Capillaries - ANS-Exchange fluid with tissue surrounding cardiovascular and lymph
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system
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3 types of categories--continuous--fenestrated--sinusoidal
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Blood Vessel Function - ANS-Away from heart
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3 layers-Tunica externa-Tunica media --tunica intima--capillaries only contain intima
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Lymphatic System - ANS-Composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs.
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Provides defense against infection.
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Interstitial Fluids - ANS-fluid in spaces h h h h h
Lymph - ANS-clear fluid containing blood cells and antibodies. located in vessels.
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Vessels - ANS-thinner than veins, continuously filter cellular waste
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Tissue - ANS-high abundance of lymphocytes
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Organs - ANS-lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus and spleen
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