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MCAT Biology Questions and Answers | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | Graded A+ $11.96   Add to cart

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MCAT Biology Questions and Answers | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | Graded A+

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MCAT Biology Questions and Answers | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | Graded A+ What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in a cell? The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins, which are then transported to the Golgi apparatus. ...

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  • August 21, 2024
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MCAT Biology Questions and Answers |
Latest Update | 2024/2025 | Graded A+
What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?




✔✔The rough endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis and processing of proteins,

which are then transported to the Golgi apparatus.




How does ATP contribute to cellular processes?




✔✔ATP provides energy for various cellular processes, including muscle contraction, active

transport, and biochemical reactions.




What is the role of the nucleolus in a cell?




✔✔The nucleolus is responsible for synthesizing ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembling

ribosomal subunits.




Describe the role of neurotransmitters in synaptic transmission.



1

,✔✔Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across the synapse from one

neuron to another, facilitating communication between neurons.




What is the function of the central vacuole in plant cells?




✔✔The central vacuole stores nutrients, waste products, and helps maintain turgor pressure in

plant cells.




How does cellular respiration differ from fermentation?




✔✔Cellular respiration fully oxidizes glucose to produce ATP, carbon dioxide, and water, while

fermentation partially breaks down glucose to produce ATP and various byproducts, such as

ethanol or lactic acid, without using oxygen.




What role do chaperone proteins play in the cell?




✔✔Chaperone proteins assist in the proper folding of other proteins, preventing misfolding and

aggregation.


2

,Describe the process of glycolysis and its location in the cell.




✔✔Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, occurring in the cytoplasm, and

produces ATP and NADH.




What is the role of the extracellular matrix in animal tissues?




✔✔The extracellular matrix provides structural support, regulates cell behavior, and facilitates

communication between cells in animal tissues.




How does the structure of a phospholipid contribute to the formation of cellular membranes?




✔✔Phospholipids have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails, forming a bilayer that creates

the semi-permeable membrane of cells.




What is the function of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining cellular function?




3

, ✔✔The sodium-potassium pump maintains the concentration gradients of sodium and potassium

ions across the cell membrane, crucial for cellular function and volume regulation.




Describe the process of translation and its location in the cell.




✔✔Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins based on the sequence of

mRNA, occurring in the cytoplasm.




What role do peroxisomes play in cellular metabolism?




✔✔Peroxisomes are involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and the detoxification of harmful

substances by producing and degrading hydrogen peroxide.




Explain the function of the pituitary gland in hormone regulation.




✔✔The pituitary gland releases hormones that regulate various bodily functions by signaling

other endocrine glands to produce hormones.




How do cellular signals lead to changes in gene expression?

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