PLTW Biomedical Science Unit 3.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/NIW/PLTW%20Biomedical%20Scien
PLTW Biomedical Science Unit 3
1. Allele: Any of the alternative forms of a gene that may occur at a given locus.
2. Autosome: A chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex, as opposed to
a sex chromosome
3. Chromosome: Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that contain the genetic
material.
4. Dominant Trait: A genetic trait is considered dominant if it is expressed in a person
who has only one copy of the gene associated with the trait.
5. Gene: A discrete unit of hereditary information
6. Genetic Material: Molecules responsible for heredity and variation of organisms.
7. Genotype: All or part of the genetic constitution of an individual or group
8. Heredity: The transmission of traits from ancestor to descendant.
9. Homologous Chromosomes: Chromosomes having the same or allelic genes with genetic
loci usually arranged in the same order.
10. Karyotype: A display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size and shape.
1/6
1 of 6 8/20/2024, 1:12
,PLTW Biomedical Science Unit 3.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/NIW/PLTW%20Biomedical%20Scien
11. Meiosis: The cellular process that results in the number of chromosomes in gamete-
producing cells being reduced to one half and that involves a reduction division in which one
of each pair of homologous chromosomes passes to each daughter cell.
12. Mitosis: A process that takes place in the nucleus of a dividing cell, involves a series of
steps, and results in the formation of two new nuclei each having the same number of
chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
13. Mutation: A rare change in the genetic material, ultimately creating genetic diversity.
14. Pedigree: A diagram of a family tree showing the occurrence of heritable char- acteristics in
parents and offspring over multiple generations.
15. Phenotype: The observable properties of an organism that are produced by the interaction
of the genotype and the environment.
16. RecessiveTrait: A condition that appears only in individuals who have received two copies
of a mutant gene, one copy from each parent.
17. Sex Chromosome: One of the pair of chromosomes responsible for determining the sex of an
individual.\
18. Amino Acids: An organic monomer which serves as a building block of proteins.
19. Anticodon: A triplet of nucleotide bases in transfer RNA that identifies the amino acid carried
and binds to a complementary codon in messenger RNA during protein synthesis at a ribosome.
2/6
2 of 6 8/20/2024, 1:12
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TIPSCORE. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
