Summary
Luchtvaart samenvatting
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De volledige samenvatting voor het vak Luchtvaart in de studierichting Toerisme en Recreatiemanagement aan Thomas More.
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LuchtvaartInhoudstafel:
Hoofdstuk 2: Vliegen tussen hemel en aarde .................................................................... 4
Geschiedenis van de luchtvaart ......................................................................................... 4
Vliegtuigconstructeurs........................................................................................................ 7
Vliegtuigtypes .................................................................................................................... 8
Airstrips ➔ kleine luchthavens op gras .............................................................................. 8
Cargo met passagiersvliegtuigen (bulk/belly-cargo) ........................................................... 9
Cargo uitsluitend = full freighter ......................................................................................... 9
Combi aircrafts (pax/cargo) : het hybride model ................................................................10
Cabin classes in passagiersvliegtuigen .............................................................................10
ETOPS= extended-range twin-engine-operational performance standards .......................11
De ‘’zwarte dozen’’ ➔ flight data (FDR), cockpit voice (CVR) en quick access recorder
(QAR) ...............................................................................................................................11
De witte strepen ................................................................................................................11
Turbulentie ........................................................................................................................11
Hoofdstuk 3: Het luchtruim goed geregeld ......................................................................12
Internationaal ....................................................................................................................12
Europees ..........................................................................................................................14
Europees luchtruim ...........................................................................................................17
Nationaal ..........................................................................................................................23
Hoofdstuk 4: Het verkeer boven de wolken ......................................................................23
Luchtverkeersleiding .........................................................................................................23
Hoofdstuk 5: De luchthaven, dag en nacht een kloppend hart .......................................27
Landside & Airside ............................................................................................................27
Bagage en douane:...........................................................................................................27
✈ TRAVEL INFORMATION MANUAL (TIM) ....................................................................28
Identiteitsbewijzen ............................................................................................................28
Reizen met minderjarige kinderen.....................................................................................29
Medische informatie en het Coronapaspoort .....................................................................29
Handling agents ................................................................................................................30
GOM= Ground Operations Manual ...................................................................................30
Passagiersafhandeling......................................................................................................30
Bijzondere passagiers of Special Categories of Passengers (SCP) ..................................31
✈ Emotional Support Animals ..........................................................................................32
Unaccompanied Minors (UMNR) en Young Passengers (YP) ...........................................32
✈Unruly Passenger ..........................................................................................................32
1
,Luchtvaart
Bagageafhandeling ...........................................................................................................33
Dieren ...............................................................................................................................33
Bagagesortering ...............................................................................................................34
Vliegtuigafhandelingen ......................................................................................................34
Luchthavens in België .......................................................................................................36
Brussels Airport (BRU) ......................................................................................................36
Brussels South Charleroi Airport CRL ...............................................................................37
Antwerp Airport ANR.........................................................................................................37
Ostend-Bruges Airport ......................................................................................................38
Liège Airport LGG .............................................................................................................38
Hoofdstuk 6: Hoofd in de wolken ......................................................................................38
SIF Service Information Field ............................................................................................38
Special service request SSR (dwingend karakter = vb. maaltijden, blinde en doven
mensen)............................................................................................................................38
Other service information OSI (vrijblijvend karakter = vb. eerste vlucht, VIP) ....................38
Airline interline reservations message procedures AIRIMP-codes ....................................38
Hoofdstuk 7: Businessmodellen, allianties en distributie in de luchtvaart ....................39
Lijnvluchten en chartervluchten: ........................................................................................39
Lagekostenvluchten ..........................................................................................................39
Hybride Model...................................................................................................................40
Zakenvluchten ..................................................................................................................40
Online- en offlinecarriers ...................................................................................................40
Luchtvaartallianties ...........................................................................................................40
✈ Star Alliance ................................................................................................................41
✈ One World ....................................................................................................................41
✈ Skyteam ......................................................................................................................41
Distributie in de luchtvaart .................................................................................................41
Global Distribution System ................................................................................................41
NDC New Data Capability .................................................................................................42
Airbrokers .........................................................................................................................42
Hoofdstuk 8: Puzzelen met tarieven en tickets ..............................................................42
PAT Passenger Air tariff ...................................................................................................42
World travel zones ............................................................................................................43
World travel zones ............................................................................................................43
World Travel Zones: ticket ...............................................................................................43
.........................................................................................................................................44
✈ Global Indicators ..........................................................................................................44
2
,Luchtvaart
MCT Minimum Connecting Time .......................................................................................46
Tariefombouw ...................................................................................................................46
Journey .............................................................................................................................47
Reservation Booking Classes ...........................................................................................47
Ticket ................................................................................................................................48
Journey .............................................................................................................................48
Pagina 162 handboek: ......................................................................................................49
Ticket status indicators .....................................................................................................49
Pagina 166 handboek: ......................................................................................................52
Hoofdstuk 9: Cargo in de lucht.........................................................................................53
Wat is luchtvracht?............................................................................................................53
Waarom luchtvracht? ........................................................................................................53
Waarde van diverse aard ..................................................................................................54
Soorten goederen .............................................................................................................54
Farmaceutische goederen: ...............................................................................................54
Bederfbare goederen: Perishables of perishable cargo.....................................................55
Levende dieren: ................................................................................................................55
General Cargo ..................................................................................................................55
Waardevolle goederen ......................................................................................................55
BRUCARGO .....................................................................................................................56
Het verschepingsproces ...................................................................................................56
Dollies, karren en ULD’s ...................................................................................................57
3
, Luchtvaart
Hoofdstuk 2: Vliegen tussen hemel en aarde
Geschiedenis van de luchtvaart
1900 = Ferdinand von Zeppelin bouwde de eerste zeppelin → een luchtschip gevuld met gas.
1903 = Gebroeders Wright gecontroleerde vlucht “Wright Flyer”
1910 = Eerste cargo vlucht
1919 = Oprichting KLM, met Nederlandse vliegtuigtype Fokker
1923 = ✈ Oprichting SABENA (kleuren blauw-wit)
1952 = 1ste lijnvlucht
1970 = ✈ De Jumbo, B747 (Boeing) widebodytoestel (belangrijk kantelmoment in de luchtvracht)
→ goederen konden mee dankzij de ULD (unit load device), laadsystemen
1969 = DHL (Dalsey, Hillblom, Lynn) en Federal Express: 4 miljoen ton vracht per week via de lucht
gestuurd (vracht bepaald waar en wanneer er wordt gevlogen)
1972 = Eerste Airbus A300
1976-2003 = ✈ Concorde, Brits-Franse supersonische passagierstoestel (met eerste commerciële
vlucht in 1976 en laatste vlucht in 2003 Parijs-New York)
2007 = ✈ Airbus A380 → dubbeldekker (laatste nieuwe generatie vliegtuigen)
2011= ✈ B787 Dreamliner → eerste commerciële vlucht in 2011 (Tokio-Hongkong) (laatste
nieuwe generatie vliegtuigen)
2014 = Airbus A350 XWB (extra wide body) → laatste generatie vliegtuigen
• kwam als reactie op concurrent Boeing B787
• op dit moment het modernste en duurzaamste state-of-the-arttoestel*
(= *is een toestel dat gebruik maakt van de nieuwste en meest geavanceerde technologieën.)
2021 = ✈ Boeing B777 X met composietvleugels en vouwende vleugeltippen (wingtips)
o Wordt voorgesteld als directe concurrent van A350
Airbus 300
• Tweemotorig
passagiersvliegtuig
• Widebody
• Eerste vliegtuig ontwikkeld
door Airbus
➔ Heeft ook ‘moderne’ type
vliegtuigen zoals: A330,
A340
4
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