column - A long, relatively slender, supporting pillar. A column is usually loaded axially in compression.
beam - A horizontal structural member, such as a girder, rafter, or purlin, that transversely supports a
load and transfers the load to vertical members, such as columns and walls
girder - A large principal beam of steel, reinforced concrete, wood, or a combination of these, used to
support other structural members at isolated points along its length.
Joist - A piece of lumber two or four inches thick and six or more inches wide, used horizontally as a
support for a ceiling or floor. Also, such a support made from steel, aluminum, or other material.
Load-bearing Wall - A wall specifically designed and built to support an imposed load in addition to its
own weight.
Anchor Bolt - A threaded bolt, usually embedded in a foundation, for securing a sill, framework, or
machinery.
Envelope - A term used to denote the extreme outside surface and dimensions of a building.
Wythe - Each continuous vertical section of a wall one masonry unit in thickness.
Tilt-up Construction - A method of concrete construction in which members are cast horizontally at a
location adjacent to their eventual position and tilted into place after removal of forms.
Metal Framing - Metal framed partitions commonly used for fire-rated construction around columns and
at beams.
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