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DEP2004 Exam 1 | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified

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DEP2004 Exam 1 | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded | 100%
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Continuity (lifespan) - development is continuous and gradual



multi-directionality (ls) - development never stops but it has lots of losses and gains over time (ex. as an
infant you are able to hear 140 speech sounds but you lose some over time)



multi-disciplinary (ls) - development occurs in different domains (bio, psych, social) and is dependent on
other areas



biopsychosocial approach (ls) - development is dependent on biological, cognitive, and environmental
factors



nature vs nurture - nature: you are born the way u are

nurture: the environment raises who u are



maturational theory (bio) - based on genetics



ethology - the study of animal behavior



instinctual behavior - behavior that is not learned, you have from birth



critical period - a time shortly after birth where something must occur for normal development (ex.
Lorenzo's geese study with imprinting)



Erikson's Psychosocial Theory - Based on individuals' interacting and learning about their world,, humans
are social creatures that require interacting and learning to develop



8 stages of Erikson's theory - 1. Trust vs. Mistrust

2. Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt

, 3. Initiative vs. Guilt

4. Industry vs. Inferiority

5. Identity vs. Identity Confusion

6. Intimacy vs. Isolation

7. Generativity vs. Stagnation

8. Integrity vs. Despair



empiricism (learning) - we start as a blank state and we are products of our experience, nurture view



Behaviorism (learning theory) - behaviors are learned through observation (bandura)



classical conditioning - Pavlov, a process where responses are linked to stimuli



operant conditioning - a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a
reinforcement or diminished if followed by a punishment (Skinner)



Piaget's Theory - Theory stating that children actively construct their understanding of the world and go
through four stages of cognitive development.



Piaget's Stages - 1. sensorimotor (senses and motor abilities, object permanence)

2. preoperational (imagination, language)

3. concrete operational (based on what they can see)

4. formal operational (abstract concepts)



Piaget and schemas - 1. schema- stereotype/idea of world

2. assimilation- expectations from schema

3. accommodation- change schema

4. equilibration- throw out schema entirely

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