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Summary AULA INTERNACIONAL 1 SPANISH FOR ENGLISH SPEAKERS UNIT 1,2,3,4
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AULA INTERNACIONAL 1 SPANISH FOR ENGLISH SPEAKERS UNIT 1,2,3,4 A condensed summary containing grammar rules and basic vocabulary.
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Spanish grammar 0-6
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LAS1201 España 1 El Sumario w uve doblex equis
Unidad 0
y i griega
Hello z ceta
- Hola
- Buenos días Sounds
- Buenas tardes - /k/
- Buenas noches o c+a,o,u
Goodbye o qu+e,i
- /θ/ (sound of the letter ‘z’)
- Adiós o c+e,i
- Hasta luego = See you later o za,zo,zu
- Hasta mañana = See you tomorrow - /g/
- Hasta el martes = See you Tuesday o g+a,o,u
- Hasta pronto = See you soon o gu+e,i
Introducing yourself - /X/ (sound of the letter ‘j’)
o ja,jo,ju,je,ji
- ¿Cómo te llamas? Me llamo… o g+e,i
How are you Agreements
- ¿Qué tal? / ¿Cómo estás? All Spanish nouns have a gender: masculine or feminine
- Bien / muy bien / regular / mal / muy mal / fatal
All Spanish adjectives will have to agree with the noun
Unidad 1 that they qualify
El Alfabeto - Masculine, ending in
o -o
a a
o -or
b be
- Feminine, ending in
c ce
d de o -a
e e o -cion
f efe o -cian
g ge o -dad
h hache o -tad
i i - Exceptions are nouns with only one form,
j jota whereby the article shows the gender
k ca o el estudiante
l ele o al estudiante
m eme
Articles
n ene
ñ eñe - The
o o o el
p pe o al
q cu o los
r erre o las
s ese - A/An
t te
o un
u u
o una
v uve
o unos
, o unas Time, day and date
Singular and plural - Es martes = It is Tuesday
- Son las 3:00 de la tarde = It is 3:00 in the
- Ending with vowel (a,e,i,o,u)
afternoon
o +s
- Es martes 23 de Agosto = It is Tuesday, 23
- Ending with consonant
August
o + es
Permanent characteristics
Nationality and country
- Es verde = It is green
¿De dónde eres?
- Es inteligente = Is smart
- SER + de + Country
ESTAR = To be (Transitionary)
o Soy de Singapur
- SER + nationality Used for conditions, locations, emotions, and actions,
o Soy Singapurense geographic or physical location, state or condition (like
emotions), idiomatic expressions and progressive tenses
*SER conjugation
(-ing)
Occupation
ESTAR
¿A qué te dedicas? = What's your job? yo estoy
tu estás
¿Cuál es tu profesión? What is your profession? el/ella/usted está
- SER + occupation nosotros/nosotras estamos
o Soy estudiante de arquitectura vosotros/vosotras estáis
ellos/ellas/ustedes están
Subject Pronouns
SER vs ESTAR
sg I yo - Maria es feliz (Maria is always happy)
sg You Tu/usted Maria está feliz (Maria is happy at this moment)
sg He/she el/ella
pl We nosotros/nosotras - Yo soy de Columbia (I am from Columbia)
pl You vosotros/vosotras/ustedes Yo estoy en Columbia (I am in Columbia) -
pl They ellos/ellas temporary
Verbs
LLAMARSE = To be called
SER = To be (Essential/ permanent)
LLAMARSE
Used for characteristics such as the hour, day, and date, yo Me llamo
place of origin, occupation, nationality, material, tu Te llamas
possession, relationship of one person to another, el/ella/usted Se llama
where an event is taking place and essential qualities nosotros/nosotras Nos llamamos
vosotros/vosotras Os llamais
SER
ellos/ellas/ustedes Se llaman
yo soy
tu eres
el/ella/usted es TENER = To have
nosotros/nosotras somos
vosotros/vosotras sois Used to expression possession, age and obligation
ellos/ellas/ustedes son - Yo tengo una casa = I have a house
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