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NSG 318 Exam 3 | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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NSG 318 Exam 3 | Questions And Answers Latest {} A+ Graded | 100% Verified
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NSG 318 Exam 3 | Questions And Answers Latest {2024- 2025} A+ Graded |100% Verified
acute HF - -heart muscle weakens and enlarges
-loses ability to pump blood adequately
-compensatory mechanisms fail
-lungs/periphery become congested
R sided heart failure - blood backs up in periphery
-peripheral edema & weight gain
L sided heart failure - blood backs up into lungs
-pulmonary edema, shortness of breath, dyspnea, cough
cardiomegaly is common with - heart failure
heart failure nonpharmacologic tx - -limit salt and saturated fat intake (limit to 2g/1tsp/day)
-limit/avoid alcohol intake (avoid/1 drink/day)
-stop smoking
-perform mild exercise
-fluid intake (may be dec)
Digoxin class - cardiac glycoside
digoxin use - HF, a-fib (oral/IV admin)
digoxin action - inhibits Na/K+ ATPase; inc cardiac contractility, CO and tissue perfusion
digoxin side effects/adverse effects - hypokalemia, blurred/yellow vision, green/yellow halos w toxicity
,Digoxin contraindications - V-fib, hypokalemia
caution w/ acute MI, AV block, HTN, older adults
digoxin drug interactions - -Diuretics and cortisone: inc risk for toxicity (diuretics may cause
hypokalemia)
-Antacids: dec digoxin absorption
digoxin CAM interactions - -Ginseng: inc digitalis levels
-St. John's wort and psyllium: dec absorption
-Hawthorn: inc effects
-Licorice, aloe, ephedra: inc risk of toxicity
digoxin interventions - -assess apical pulse before administering; DON'T ADMINISTER IF HR <60bpm
-advise client to eat foods high in K+
Antidote for digoxin toxicity - digoxin immune FAB
digoxin therapeutic serum level - 0.5-1ng/mL
digoxin effects on heart muscle - -inc. myocardial contractility and CO
-dec. HR and conduction
angina - acute cardiac pain caused by inadequate blood flow to myocardium
antianginal drugs - -nitrates
-beta blockers
-Ca channel blockers
, nitroglycerin class - antianginal (Nitrate)
nitroglycerin uses - control angina, acute MI and HF
nitroglycerin action - dec myocardial demand for O2 consumption (vasodilator)
Nitroglycerin Contraindications - inc intracranial pressure; heat and light dec potency of drug. keep in
dark bottle
nitroglycerin routes of administration - -SL spray: 1-3min onset. space out over 5mins and call 911
before taking 2nd dose
-Topical cream: wipe off old cream 1st (4-8hr duration)
-Transdermal: leave off for 12hrs to give break
nitroglycerin side effects/adverse effects - CNS effects, syncope, tolerance, GI distress, circulatory
collapse
nitroglycerin drug interactions - -alcohol, beta blockers, Ca channel blockers, antihypertensives, Aspirin,
benzos, vasodilators: inc effect
-heparin: dec effect
nitroglycerin CAM interactions - -Hawthorn: inc. levels
nitroglycerin interventions - -for SL spray, call 911 if 1st dose doesn't work
-proper storage of tabs
-administer SL tab if chest pain occurs
Atenolol class - beta 1 adrenergic blocker
atenolol use - tx of hypertension, prophylaxis, and acute MI
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