BBH 101 Lesson 9 Practice Questions sand Correct Answers
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Course
BBH 101
Institution
BBH 101
CVD includes common ailments like hypertension or high blood pressure. coronary artery disease.
most prevalent form of CVD hypertension or high blood pressure
coronary artery disease makes the most significant contribution to mortality associated with CVD.
What is the leading cause of death in t...
BBH 101 Lesson 9 Practice Questions
sand Correct Answers
CVD includes ✅common ailments like hypertension or high blood pressure. coronary
artery disease.
most prevalent form of CVD ✅hypertension or high blood pressure
coronary artery disease ✅makes the most significant contribution to mortality
associated with CVD.
What is the leading cause of death in the United States and world? 1 in every 3 deaths
globally is attributable to it. ✅CVD
What refers to the physiological mechanisms underlying a disease, or what goes wrong
with the body when someone suffers from a particular disease. ✅Pathophysiology
What is the pathological process most frequently associated with CVD?
✅atherosclerosis
What is Atherosclerosis? ✅thickening and hardening of the arteries
atheromatous plaques ✅When fat, glucose and cholesterol harden and form in the wall
of the blood vessel
When atheromatous plaques rupture, clotting factors in the blood respond as they would
with any other injury and begin to form a blood clot to reduce bleeding.
This blood clot, can itself block the artery. ✅thrombus
A traveling blood clot ✅embolus
ischemia ✅When a blood clot (or any obstruction) blocks a blood vessel and causes a
tissue to be deprived of oxygen, the oxygen deprivation creates a condition called
infarction ✅the death of tissue due to blood deprivation is called
myocardial infarction (heart attack) ✅When the heart is the tissue deprived of blood
(e.g. due to obstruction of the coronary artery) and begins to die, this is termed a
stroke ✅When the brain is the tissue deprived of blood and begins to die
, The Framingham Heart Study ✅study that helped researchers identify or confirm many
of the risk factors for CVD that are now common-knowledge, like high blood pressure,
cholesterol, overweight or obesity, smoking, etc.
NIHONSAN ✅study that found participants living in Nippon had the lowest risk, those
living in Honolulu had a slightly higher risk, and those living in San Francisco had the
highest risk. (Japanese participants)
Bogalusa Heart Study ✅found that atherosclerosis may begin at a very early age...as
early as 5 to 8 years old.
Non-modifiable risk factors for CVD ✅Age- greatest risk factor for developing CVD
Sex- men are at a greater risk for CVD than women
Race- black Americans have a greater risk of CVD than white Americans, and
Hispanics and Latinos have lower rates of CVD than whites
Modifiable Risk Factors of CVD ✅Hypertension - diagnosed as a blood pressure
reading of 140/90 or above
High Cholesterol- patients' risk is often assessed using a ratio of their total cholesterol
(TC) to HDL (TC:HDL).
two types of cholesterol-carrying molecules in the blood ✅low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).
LDL ✅seems to carry cholesterol through the blood stream.
is more likely to get caught up in atherosclerotic plaques—increasing the speed with
which plaque formation progresses
higher LDL levels are associated with an increased risk OF CVD
HDL ✅seems to carry cholesterol to the liver where it can be metabolized, removing it
from the blood stream. Higher HDL levels are associated with a decreased risk of CVD.
Dietary Fat ✅saturated fat, which is found in foods like pizza, dairy products, and meat
products, was found to increase risk. (not entirely sure of)
trans fats, which are found in processed and fried foods, are a known risk factor
Unsaturated fat, which is found in foods like olive oil, avocados, and nuts, was found to
not increase CVD risk
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