Exam (elaborations)
Autism Spectrum Disorder 2024 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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Autism Spectrum Disorder 2024
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Autism Spectrum Disorder 2024social; communication; behaviors - answerCore deficits of ASD includes: ____ deficits,
______ deficits and restricted or repetitive ______.
interacting; relating - answerThe social spectrum deficits involve ______ with and _____
to other people.
reciprocity; nonverbal; interest; playing; objects; mouth; joint attention - answerLack of
social-emotional ______ examples:
-odd or no use of ______ behavioral in communication [facial expressions, eye-contact,
gestures]
-lack of _______ in interacting in the first place
-when _______ , may not be able to engage in make-believe play or share focus [i.e.,
they "parallel play" without interest]
-treat people as '_______' —directing actions to the body parts of others (hands, legs)
rather than the face or through communication
-In eye-tracking studies, they direct attention to the _______ , rather than the eyes
-lack of _______ [using words/pointing/eye-contact to bring another person's attention
to a shared object or experience]. Evident around 9 months
Language - answerChildren with ASD display abnormalities in ______/communication
that appear early.
Half - answerAs many as _____ of children with ASD never develop useful language
(including children who begin to speak, but between 1-2 years old, regress and lose
language)
protodeclarative - answerAn early sign of communication abnormality is the lack of
___________ gestures.
protoimperative; instrumental; protodeclarative; expressive - answerChildren with ASD
will use _______ (pointing to something they want) or _______ gestures (pulling mom's
hand to a box they want opened).
BUT
they may not use _______ (pointing to direct mom's attention to the bunny) or ______
gestures (putting hands over face to show embarrassment)
, delayed; 5; 1-2 - answerAlmost all children with ASD who DO develop meaningful
language are ____. (i.e.: before age ___, but not during typical window of _____ years
old.
social chatter; irrelevant; intonation; pronoun reversals; echolalia; perseverative;
pragmatics - answerIf language develops in children with ASD, it is often unusual:
-Lack of ______ ______ (or spontaneous engaging in talking)
-______/silly/nonsensical to the current situation
- Odd rhythm or _______.
- Inability to make ________ ________ (e.g., "What's your name?" "Your name is Billy")
-_______ (parroting)
-_______ Speech (incessant talk on 1-topic [lecturing])
-Even with higher functioning ASD, there is a lack of understanding ______ of language
(e.g., sarcasm, taking turns, true "meanings" - "Can you look at me?" "Yes")
interests; behaviors; persist; sameness - answerTypes of restricted/repetitive activities:
1. Often narrow patterns of _________
-that are often abnormal or odd (e.g., Battlestar Galactica, nesting dolls)
2. Repetitive Sensory or Motor _______
-can be highly frequent and/or emerge in a demanding situation
-rocking, hand-flapping, wheel-spinning, staring at lights
- a child's preferred movement may _____ from childhood to adulthood
-TWO theories: (a) they crave sensory-motor stimulation (b) the environment is too
stimulating and this provides a focus in order to filer
3. Insistence on ______
-Typically starts low-grade (no food can touch), but worsens/expands overtime (daily
schedule of activities).
communication; interaction; reciprocity; nonverbal; relationships - answerPart 1 of
Diagnostic Criteria for ASD:
Deficits in social ______ AND social ______ across multiple contexts, as manifested by
ALL of the following:
- Deficits in social-emotional ______
- Deficits in ______ communicative behavior
- Deficits in developing, maintaining ______
restricted; repetitive; repetitive; sameness; fixated interests; sensitivity - answerPart 2 of
Diagnostic Criteria for ASD:
______, ______ patterns of behavior, interest, or activities, as manifested by at least
TWO of the following:
- ______ motor bx or verbal bx
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