MEDCA PHLEBOTOMY EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Where does arterial system develop? - Answer-aortic arches (and dorsal aorta) at 4
weeks of human development
What does blood glucose measure - Answer-amount of sugar in the blood
Why are blood glucose tests ordered? - Answer-If patient shows signs of diabetes or
look diabetic
Symptoms of diabetes - Answer-frequent urination
blurred vision
lightheadedness
persistent thirst
Where do venous system develop - Answer-3 bilateral veins between 4 and 8 weeks of
human development
(umbilical, cardinal, vitelline )
Arterioles - Answer-- small blood vessels in microcirculation
- extend and branch out from arteries and lead to capillaries
- like arteries, arterioles carry blood away from the heart to tissues - arterioles play an
important role in blood pressure regulation
- arterioles generally have one to two layers of smooth muscle
Venules - Answer-- small blood vessel in microcirculation
- carry oxygen-deprived blood from the capillaries back to the veins
- have 3 layers
3 Layers of Venules - Answer--the endothelium (inner layer) is made up of squamous
endothelial cells that act as a membrane
- the middle layer is made up of elastic tissue
- the outer layer is made up of fibrous connective tissue
Capillaries - Answer-- smallest of the blood vessels in microcirculation
- connect arterioles and venules
,- enable the exchange of oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, waste, and other nutrients
between blood and
body tissues
- capillaries don't function on their own but as a "supply cell"
Two main capillary types - Answer-Continuous
Fenestrated
Continous - Answer-- endothelial cells provide continuing lining, therefore allowing only
small molecules to spread through junctions of intercellular clefts (unjoined membrane)
Fenestrated - Answer-- pores in the endothelial cells are present
- these pores allow small molecules and restricted amounts of protein to
spread through
Supine Position - Answer-patient is lying face-up on their back
Prone Position - Answer-patient is lying face-down on their stomach
What is important to remember about glucose testing - Answer-patient must be fasting
for 12 hours
3 Types of blood draws - Answer-Venipuncture
Capillary Puncture
Arterial Puncture
Venipunture - Answer-collection of blood through needle or syringe
Used when large amounts of blood are needed
What type of veins lack resistance - Answer-thromboses
How can blood be forced into veins - Answer-massaging arm from elbow to wrist
tapping site with finger
applying warm cloth
lowering extremity over bedside
Elements of requisition form - Answer-Patients full name and ID number
DOB and sex of patient
name of physician requesting procedure
source of specimen
Date and Time of collection and initials of phlebotomist
Labels - Answer-Patients full name
Patients ID number
Date and Time of Collection
, Initials of phlebotomist
Capillary puncture - Answer-Also known as dermal puncture
Used on infants are anemic patients
Penetration should be less than 2.0mm
Often performed for white blood cell differential
Most accessible surface for capillary puncture - Answer-palmar/lateral surface of finger
Ear lobe
Big toe
Heel (infants)
Monoject Monoletter - Answer-safety device for capillary function
What is blood collected from capillary puncture composed of? - Answer-blood from
capillaries, arterioles, veins, and tissue fluid
Blood Smear - Answer-performed right after wiping away the first drop of blood
A spreader (two glass slide) is positions and a small drop of blood is placed on the slide.
The top glass is pulled back into the blood drop to spread it along the back side of the
glass. The slide is then pushed left quickly
What is the best angle for blood smear spreading - Answer-30 degrees
Arterial Puncture - Answer-usually performed for further analysis of blood gas
Should be done with no exposure to air
Why should arterial pressure not be done in exposure to air - Answer-to prevent the
escape of gas from the liquid
At what angle should artery be punctured - Answer-90 degreed
Gloves - Answer-- disposable gloves used in phlebotomy to help prevent contamination
- can be made of latex, nitrile rubber, neoprene, or vinyl
- there are two types of gloves: exam gloves and surgical gloves
- surgical gloves are better sized and made to a higher standard
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Where does arterial system develop? - Answer-aortic arches (and dorsal aorta) at 4
weeks of human development
What does blood glucose measure - Answer-amount of sugar in the blood
Why are blood glucose tests ordered? - Answer-If patient shows signs of diabetes or
look diabetic
Symptoms of diabetes - Answer-frequent urination
blurred vision
lightheadedness
persistent thirst
Where do venous system develop - Answer-3 bilateral veins between 4 and 8 weeks of
human development
(umbilical, cardinal, vitelline )
Arterioles - Answer-- small blood vessels in microcirculation
- extend and branch out from arteries and lead to capillaries
- like arteries, arterioles carry blood away from the heart to tissues - arterioles play an
important role in blood pressure regulation
- arterioles generally have one to two layers of smooth muscle
Venules - Answer-- small blood vessel in microcirculation
- carry oxygen-deprived blood from the capillaries back to the veins
- have 3 layers
3 Layers of Venules - Answer--the endothelium (inner layer) is made up of squamous
endothelial cells that act as a membrane
- the middle layer is made up of elastic tissue
- the outer layer is made up of fibrous connective tissue
Capillaries - Answer-- smallest of the blood vessels in microcirculation
- connect arterioles and venules
,- enable the exchange of oxygen, water, carbon dioxide, waste, and other nutrients
between blood and
body tissues
- capillaries don't function on their own but as a "supply cell"
Two main capillary types - Answer-Continuous
Fenestrated
Continous - Answer-- endothelial cells provide continuing lining, therefore allowing only
small molecules to spread through junctions of intercellular clefts (unjoined membrane)
Fenestrated - Answer-- pores in the endothelial cells are present
- these pores allow small molecules and restricted amounts of protein to
spread through
Supine Position - Answer-patient is lying face-up on their back
Prone Position - Answer-patient is lying face-down on their stomach
What is important to remember about glucose testing - Answer-patient must be fasting
for 12 hours
3 Types of blood draws - Answer-Venipuncture
Capillary Puncture
Arterial Puncture
Venipunture - Answer-collection of blood through needle or syringe
Used when large amounts of blood are needed
What type of veins lack resistance - Answer-thromboses
How can blood be forced into veins - Answer-massaging arm from elbow to wrist
tapping site with finger
applying warm cloth
lowering extremity over bedside
Elements of requisition form - Answer-Patients full name and ID number
DOB and sex of patient
name of physician requesting procedure
source of specimen
Date and Time of collection and initials of phlebotomist
Labels - Answer-Patients full name
Patients ID number
Date and Time of Collection
, Initials of phlebotomist
Capillary puncture - Answer-Also known as dermal puncture
Used on infants are anemic patients
Penetration should be less than 2.0mm
Often performed for white blood cell differential
Most accessible surface for capillary puncture - Answer-palmar/lateral surface of finger
Ear lobe
Big toe
Heel (infants)
Monoject Monoletter - Answer-safety device for capillary function
What is blood collected from capillary puncture composed of? - Answer-blood from
capillaries, arterioles, veins, and tissue fluid
Blood Smear - Answer-performed right after wiping away the first drop of blood
A spreader (two glass slide) is positions and a small drop of blood is placed on the slide.
The top glass is pulled back into the blood drop to spread it along the back side of the
glass. The slide is then pushed left quickly
What is the best angle for blood smear spreading - Answer-30 degrees
Arterial Puncture - Answer-usually performed for further analysis of blood gas
Should be done with no exposure to air
Why should arterial pressure not be done in exposure to air - Answer-to prevent the
escape of gas from the liquid
At what angle should artery be punctured - Answer-90 degreed
Gloves - Answer-- disposable gloves used in phlebotomy to help prevent contamination
- can be made of latex, nitrile rubber, neoprene, or vinyl
- there are two types of gloves: exam gloves and surgical gloves
- surgical gloves are better sized and made to a higher standard
