Mastering Chemical Compounds: A Student’s Guide to Naming and Understanding Bonds
8 views 0 purchase
Course
Chemistry
Institution
Sophomore / 10th Grade
This document breaks down the basics of naming and understanding different types of chemical compounds, perfect for high school students getting into chemistry. You'll learn how to identify and name covalent and ionic compounds, acids, bases, and hydrates. It covers everything from the elements inv...
Naming Ionic, Covalent
Compounds, Acids, Bases, and
Hydrates
Compound: A substance formed when two or more elements chemically
bond together.
Covalent Compounds
The oxygen (O2) we inhale is an example of a diatomic molecule. Covalent
compounds consist of neutral atoms, typically nonmetals like H2O, CO2, and
C12H22O11. These compounds have low melting and boiling points, often
appearing as gases or liquids at room temperature. They feature covalent
bonds where electrons are shared and exist as distinct molecules.
Remember the exception as BRINClHOF: Br2, I2, N2, Cl2, H2, O2, F2.
The O2 you breathe is a diatomic molecule.
Naming Covalent Compounds:
1. Count the number of atoms for each nonmetal element.
2. Select the appropriate Greek prefix based on the number of atoms:
, Examples:
N2O5: Dinitrogen Pentoxide
CO: Carbon Monoxide
Formulas for Covalent Compounds:
1. Refer to the Greek prefix.
2. Assign the appropriate number of atoms to the elements involved.
Examples:
Dinitrogen Tetraoxide: N2O4
Carbon Monoxide: CO
Ionic Compounds
When you think of ionic compounds, think of salts like NaCl, CaCO3, and KF.
These compounds generally consist of a metal paired with one or more
nonmetals. They feature cations and anions, which balance out to maintain a
neutral charge. Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points and
form ionic bonds through electron transfer. These compounds exist as crystal
lattices, with the unit cell being the smallest repeating structure.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller artauzuk. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.48. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
