PHTLS Key Exam Guide Questions and Integral Marking Scheme version 2024/2025
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Course
PHTLS
Institution
PHTLS
PHTLS Key Exam Guide Questions and Integral Marking Scheme version 2024/2025
Which ribs are most at risk for rib fracture? - correct answer Ribs 4-8 laterally
What is the most common cause of hemothorax? - correct answer Fractures to ribs 4-8
What are common complaints of rib fractures? - ...
PHTLS Key Exam Guide Questions
and Integral Marking Scheme version
2024/2025
Which ribs are most at risk for rib fracture? - correct answer
Ribs 4-8 laterally
What is the most common cause of hemothorax? - correct
answer Fractures to ribs 4-8
What are common complaints of rib fractures? - correct answer
Pain and SOB
Under what circumstances should you withhold oxygen from a
patient? - correct answer Never withhold oxygen from a patient
in respiratory distress.
When should you assist ventilations? - correct answer When the
RR is above 28 or less than 10.
What is the ventilatory rate for adults? - correct answer 10-12
bpm for 500-800cc
What is the ventilatory rate for Children? - correct answer 16-
20 bpm for 100-500 cc or good chest rise
What is the ventilatory rate for infants? - correct answer 25bpm
for 6-8ml/kg
,What end tidal CO2 reading should you maintain? - correct
answer 35-45 mmHg
Where should a needle decompression be placed? - correct
answer 2nd intercostal space mid clavicular line, over the 3rd
rib.
What is shock? - correct answer A result of inadequate energy
production to sustain life.
What are the brain, heart, and lungs tolerance to hypoxia? -
correct answer 4-6 minutes.
What are the kidneys, liver, and GI tracts tolerance to hypoxia? -
correct answer 45-90 minutes.
What are the muscle, bone, and skins tolerance to hypoxia? -
correct answer 4-6 hours.
What is the most common cause of shock in the trauma patient? -
correct answer Hypovolemia due to hemorrhage until proven
otherwise.
What is the most common cause of neurogenic shock in the
trauma patient? - correct answer Spinal Cord injury.
What does adequate perfusion of the body tissues require? -
correct answer An effective pump, intact blood vessels,
adequate blood volume, vascular resistance.
, What is cardiac output? - correct answer Stroke Volume x Heart
Rate
What is blood pressure? - correct answer Cardiac Output x
Systemic Vascular Resistance.
Vasocontriction leads to which phase of shock? - correct answer
The ischemic phase.
What causes an altered LOC in the shock patient? - correct
answer Decreased cerebral perfusion.
What may be the earliest sign of shock? - correct answer
Increasing Respiratory Rate caused by hypoxia and acidosis
stimulating the respiratory centers of the brain.
How much blood loss is required before a drop in BP occurs? -
correct answer 30.00%
In shock without obvious cause what should you assume? -
correct answer The patient is bleeding somewhere, internal
hemorrhage, fracture.
Where is a significant container of blood volumes lost to
hemorrhage? - correct answer The abdomen.
What is the mortality rate of aortic rupture in the prehospital
setting? - correct answer 80-85%
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