2024 HESI COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Which finding should the nurse identify as an early clinical manifestation of
neonatal encephalopathy related to hyperbilirubinemia?
a. Mental retardation.
b. Rigid extension of all extremities.
c. Lethargy or irritability.
d. Increased or unstable temperature. - CORRECT-ANSWERSC
The nurse is monitoring neurological vital signs for a male client who lost
consciousness after falling and hitting his head. Which assessment finding is
the earliest and most sensitive indication of altered cerebral function?
a. Unequal pupils.
b. Loss of central reflexes.
c. Inability to open the eyes.
d. Change in level of consciousness. - CORRECT-ANSWERSD
Two unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are arguing on the unit about who
deserves to take a break first. What is the most important basic guideline
that the nurse should follow in resolving the conflict?
a. Deal with issues and not personalities.
b. Require the UAPs to reach a compromise.
c. Weigh the consequences of each possible solution.
d. Encourage the two to view the humor of the conflict. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSA
A child with bacterial conjunctivitis receives a prescription for erythromycin
eye drops. Which information is most important for the nurse to include in
the teaching plan?
a. Apply warm compresses to reduce swelling.
b. Wear sunglasses to protect eyes from sunlight.
c. Take acetaminophen (Tylenol) for any eye discomfort.
d. Avoid sharing towels and washcloths with siblings. - CORRECT-ANSWERSD
The nurse is preparing to administer a high volume saline enema to a client.
Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain prior to
administering the enema?
a. History of inflammatory bowel disorders.
b. Reason for administering the enema.
c. Feelings about having an enema.
,d. Allergies to medications. - CORRECT-ANSWERSA
The nurse is teaching an adolescent girl with scoliosis about a Milwaukee
brace which her healthcare provider has prescribed. Which instruction would
be accurate?
a. Remove the brace one hour each day for bathing only.
b. Remove the brace twice daily for back range of motion exercises.
c. Wear the brace against the bare skin.
d. Wear the brace in order to cure the spinal curvature. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSA
The clinic nurse identifies an elevation in the results of the triple marker
screening test for a client who is in the first trimester of pregnancy. Which
action should the nurse prepare the client for?
a. Repeating the triple marker test.
b. Preparing for other diagnostic testing.
c. Counseling about possible fetal defects.
d. Securing permission for pregnancy termination. - CORRECT-ANSWERSB
The nurse is caring for critically ill clients. Which client should be monitored
for the development of neurogenic shock?
a. Heart failure.
b. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
c. Spinal cord injury.
d. Diabetes insipidus. - CORRECT-ANSWERSC
Following major abdominal surgery, a male client's arterial blood gas
analysis reveals Pa0 2 95 mmHg and PaC0 2 50 mmHg. He is receiving
oxygen by nasal cannula at 4 liters/minute and is reluctant to move in bed or
deep breathe. Based on this information, what action should the nurse
implement at this time?
a. Increase the oxygen flow to 6 liters/minute.
b. Encourage the use of an incentive spirometer.
c. Notify the healthcare provider of the crisis blood gas values.
d. Encourage the client to breathe slower. - CORRECT-ANSWERSB
Clinical portfolios are being introduced into the performance appraisal
process for staff nurses employed at a hospital. What should the nurse-
manager request that each staff nurse include in the portfolio?
a. Evaluations by past nursing faculty and employers to document ongoing
competence.
b. Copies of any articles the nurse has read that relate to client care on the
nursing unit.
c. Letters of support from family members and friends who are healthcare
professionals.
, d. A self-evaluation that identifies how the nurse has met professional
objectives and goals. - CORRECT-ANSWERSD
The nurse is teaching staff in a long-term facility home the principles of
caring for clients with essential hypertension. Which comment should the
nurse include in the inservice presentation about the care of clients with
hypertension?
a. "Clients with an elevated blood pressure often exhibit a stiff neck and are
diaphoretic."
b. "As long as clients receive daily antihypertensive medications, no further
interventions are needed."
c. "Caregivers should only conduct blood pressure checks under a registered
nurse's direct supervision."
d. "Frequent blood pressure checks, including readings taken by automated
machines, are recommended." - CORRECT-ANSWERSD
An 80-year-old client is given morphine sulphate for postoperative pain.
Which concomitant medication should the nurse question that poses a
potential development of urinary retention in this geriatric client?
a. Insulin.
b. Antacids.
c. Tricyclic antidepressants.
d. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. - CORRECT-ANSWERSC
A client with osteoarthritis is given a new prescription for a nonsteroidal
antiinflammatory drug (NSAID). The client asks the nurse, "How is this
medication different from the acetaminophen I have been taking?" Which
information about the therapeutic action of NSAIDs should the nurse
provide?
a. Are less expensive.
b. Provide antiinflammatory response.
c. Cause gastrointestinal bleeding.
d. Increase hepatotoxic side effects. - CORRECT-ANSWERSB
A nurse is planning to teach self-care measures to a female client about
prevention of yeast infections. Which instructions should the nurse provide?
a. Use a douche preparation no more than once a month.
b. Increase daily intake of fiber and leafy green vegetables.
c. Select nylon underwear that is loose-fitting, white, and comfortable.
d. Avoid tight-fitting clothing and do not use bubble-bath or bath salts. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSD
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Which finding should the nurse identify as an early clinical manifestation of
neonatal encephalopathy related to hyperbilirubinemia?
a. Mental retardation.
b. Rigid extension of all extremities.
c. Lethargy or irritability.
d. Increased or unstable temperature. - CORRECT-ANSWERSC
The nurse is monitoring neurological vital signs for a male client who lost
consciousness after falling and hitting his head. Which assessment finding is
the earliest and most sensitive indication of altered cerebral function?
a. Unequal pupils.
b. Loss of central reflexes.
c. Inability to open the eyes.
d. Change in level of consciousness. - CORRECT-ANSWERSD
Two unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) are arguing on the unit about who
deserves to take a break first. What is the most important basic guideline
that the nurse should follow in resolving the conflict?
a. Deal with issues and not personalities.
b. Require the UAPs to reach a compromise.
c. Weigh the consequences of each possible solution.
d. Encourage the two to view the humor of the conflict. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSA
A child with bacterial conjunctivitis receives a prescription for erythromycin
eye drops. Which information is most important for the nurse to include in
the teaching plan?
a. Apply warm compresses to reduce swelling.
b. Wear sunglasses to protect eyes from sunlight.
c. Take acetaminophen (Tylenol) for any eye discomfort.
d. Avoid sharing towels and washcloths with siblings. - CORRECT-ANSWERSD
The nurse is preparing to administer a high volume saline enema to a client.
Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain prior to
administering the enema?
a. History of inflammatory bowel disorders.
b. Reason for administering the enema.
c. Feelings about having an enema.
,d. Allergies to medications. - CORRECT-ANSWERSA
The nurse is teaching an adolescent girl with scoliosis about a Milwaukee
brace which her healthcare provider has prescribed. Which instruction would
be accurate?
a. Remove the brace one hour each day for bathing only.
b. Remove the brace twice daily for back range of motion exercises.
c. Wear the brace against the bare skin.
d. Wear the brace in order to cure the spinal curvature. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSA
The clinic nurse identifies an elevation in the results of the triple marker
screening test for a client who is in the first trimester of pregnancy. Which
action should the nurse prepare the client for?
a. Repeating the triple marker test.
b. Preparing for other diagnostic testing.
c. Counseling about possible fetal defects.
d. Securing permission for pregnancy termination. - CORRECT-ANSWERSB
The nurse is caring for critically ill clients. Which client should be monitored
for the development of neurogenic shock?
a. Heart failure.
b. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
c. Spinal cord injury.
d. Diabetes insipidus. - CORRECT-ANSWERSC
Following major abdominal surgery, a male client's arterial blood gas
analysis reveals Pa0 2 95 mmHg and PaC0 2 50 mmHg. He is receiving
oxygen by nasal cannula at 4 liters/minute and is reluctant to move in bed or
deep breathe. Based on this information, what action should the nurse
implement at this time?
a. Increase the oxygen flow to 6 liters/minute.
b. Encourage the use of an incentive spirometer.
c. Notify the healthcare provider of the crisis blood gas values.
d. Encourage the client to breathe slower. - CORRECT-ANSWERSB
Clinical portfolios are being introduced into the performance appraisal
process for staff nurses employed at a hospital. What should the nurse-
manager request that each staff nurse include in the portfolio?
a. Evaluations by past nursing faculty and employers to document ongoing
competence.
b. Copies of any articles the nurse has read that relate to client care on the
nursing unit.
c. Letters of support from family members and friends who are healthcare
professionals.
, d. A self-evaluation that identifies how the nurse has met professional
objectives and goals. - CORRECT-ANSWERSD
The nurse is teaching staff in a long-term facility home the principles of
caring for clients with essential hypertension. Which comment should the
nurse include in the inservice presentation about the care of clients with
hypertension?
a. "Clients with an elevated blood pressure often exhibit a stiff neck and are
diaphoretic."
b. "As long as clients receive daily antihypertensive medications, no further
interventions are needed."
c. "Caregivers should only conduct blood pressure checks under a registered
nurse's direct supervision."
d. "Frequent blood pressure checks, including readings taken by automated
machines, are recommended." - CORRECT-ANSWERSD
An 80-year-old client is given morphine sulphate for postoperative pain.
Which concomitant medication should the nurse question that poses a
potential development of urinary retention in this geriatric client?
a. Insulin.
b. Antacids.
c. Tricyclic antidepressants.
d. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. - CORRECT-ANSWERSC
A client with osteoarthritis is given a new prescription for a nonsteroidal
antiinflammatory drug (NSAID). The client asks the nurse, "How is this
medication different from the acetaminophen I have been taking?" Which
information about the therapeutic action of NSAIDs should the nurse
provide?
a. Are less expensive.
b. Provide antiinflammatory response.
c. Cause gastrointestinal bleeding.
d. Increase hepatotoxic side effects. - CORRECT-ANSWERSB
A nurse is planning to teach self-care measures to a female client about
prevention of yeast infections. Which instructions should the nurse provide?
a. Use a douche preparation no more than once a month.
b. Increase daily intake of fiber and leafy green vegetables.
c. Select nylon underwear that is loose-fitting, white, and comfortable.
d. Avoid tight-fitting clothing and do not use bubble-bath or bath salts. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSD
