4 purposes of language intervention: correct answers -Change or eliminate the underlying problem
-Change the disorder
-Teach compensatory strategies
-Change the environment
-Change or eliminate the underlying problem correct answers this requires that we find the problem and solve it, then th...
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4 purposes of language intervention: correct answers -Change or eliminate the underlying
problem
-Change the disorder
-Teach compensatory strategies
-Change the environment
-Change or eliminate the underlying problem correct answers this requires that we find the
problem and solve it, then they will no longer require language intervention. Ex: hearing loss due
to language delay: addressing the issue would be giving him hearing aids and providing therapy
so they are up to the developmental level and then discharging from therapy
-Change the disorder correct answers probably can't change the disorder but we can teach them
specific language behaviors to help them be more successful in communication. Doesn't
eliminate future intervention definitively. Might not eliminate lang disorder.
-Teach compensatory strategies correct answers Tools to use in given settings
requires a great deal of cognitive ability, not appropriate for young children or ID
-Change the environment correct answers Don't focus on the child, but on the communication
scenarios to make him more successful. Example of Justin given in the book with AAC device
3 ways we can promote change correct answers 1) Facilitation 2) Maintenance 3) Induction
Facilitation correct answers Rate of growth is accelerated
don't necessarily change the final outcome, but speed the process along
child may be able to overcome language difficulties on his own and would eventually be OK,
but with language intervention we help him achieve it faster
*some argue that this is unnecessary, however some suggest that language intervention early
help prepare children to learn other skills down the road more easily
we have no way to know if a child will achieve normal language on their own, and select which
children deserve intervention and which don't
Maintenance correct answers Preserve a behavior that would normally die
The child may be able to reach an acceptable level of language but it needs to be maintained or
it might die out. The child needs to keep them an active part of repertoire
Induction correct answers Intervention entirely determines achievement of goal
Most dramatic means of lang intervention
ex: take a completely non-verbal child, we teach them a PECS (picture exchange
communication system) On his own, he would never have been able to communicate without
intervention
3 Key aspects of EBP correct answers -employ unbiased research evidence
-clinical expertise and values
, -client and client's family's preference, willingness, and values
Best types of research correct answers meta-analysis
randomized controlled trials ( these have a comparison, randomization, blind evaluators)
second-best research correct answers Quasi-experimental trials
lower quality RCT - not always the best setup experiment
Weakest research correct answers Observational studies with or without controls - this is just
anecdotal but may not be repeatable
PICO correct answers P-patient/problem
I-Intervention being considered
C-comparison
O-Outcome
Pico example question: For children with non-verbal autism, is sign language or AAC more
effective in achieving verbalizations? correct answers P-nonverbal kids with autism
I-Sign language
C- AAC device
O-verbalizations/productive expressive vocabulary
EBP process correct answers Step 1) formulate your clinical question ( above)
step 2) take a guess - I think AAC will produce more verbalizations
step 3) Find the research - great databases; ASHA, medline
Step 4) Critique the research - was it controlled? Were there large numbers of participants? Were
the results compelling? Were they evaluated by blind evaluators? Were they randomized?
Step 5) Integrate the research findings with what you already know(internal evidence) to make a
decision
Step 6) Evaluate the decision by documenting the outcomes - take careful data
If it isn't working, start over.
3 parts to a goal: correct answers Products, Processes, Contexts
Products correct answers Objectives, what do we want to achieve?
Processes correct answers How objectives will be met - methods
Contexts correct answers Where the intervention will take place.
Example goal: correct answers Johnny will produce fricatives (objective) using a phonological
approach (process) in single words (context)
ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development) correct answers Distance between a child's current level
of independent functioning and potential level of performance. We want to follow the
developmental sequence, don't want to set goals that are outside the ZPD
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