An interaction b/w foreign organism & recognition molecule expressed by host
Ligands include:
Whole pathogens
Antigenic fragments
Products secreted by foreign organisms
The immune response is:
An extra-/intracellular cascade of events leading to the labeling & destruction of pathogen after ligand
binding
Cells that recognize & kill/engulf pathogen labelled:
CELLULAR immunity
, Soluble proteins for labeling & destruction of invaders labelled:
HUMORAL immunity
Immune responses rely on:
Recognition molecules
Recognition molecules are:
Encoded in DNA - always expressed - PRRs
PRRs bind to PAMPs
Randomly generated
Explain clonal selection:
Individual B and T cells have specificity for single antigen
Each has many copies of a receptor that only binds to 1 antigen
When B or T cell reacts w antigen it's SELECTED & ACTIVATED
Activation --> proliferation --> large # of clones
Each clone responds to original pathogen
Cells not activated are deleted
Tolerance ensures:
That the immune system avoids destroying host tissue from anti-self antibodies
2 systems that respond to pathogens:
Innate
Adaptive
The innate system:
First line of defence
Fast but NOT specific
Uses inherited recognition molecules & phagocytic cells
How do the innate & adaptive systems work together?
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