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MCB 2610 Exam 2 Questions And Answers Rated A+ New Update Assured Satisfaction
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Bacteria shapes - Cocci, bacilli, vibrios (comma shaped), spirilla (spiral), pleiomorphic (various shapes) adherence molecules to stick to surfaces - - mediated by pili, fibers of pilin proteins possess other proteins on their tips for sticking - a sex pilus is used for conjugation - some micr...

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  • August 23, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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MCB 2610 Exam 2.
Bacteria shapes - Cocci, bacilli, vibrios (comma shaped), spirilla (spiral), pleiomorphic (various
shapes)



adherence molecules to stick to surfaces - - mediated by pili, fibers of pilin proteins possess other
proteins on their tips for sticking

- a sex pilus is used for conjugation

- some microbes use an extension of the cell envelope tipped by a "holdfast" of paysaccharides



3 parts of flagella - - filament

- hook protein

- basal body



active transport - - all microorganisms



active transport - - energy dependent process

- move molecules against a gradient

- concentrates molecules inside cell

- specific carrier proteins



Adaptions of thermophiles - - Protein structure stabilized

- Histone-like proteins stabilize DNA

- Membrane stabilized (linkages)



Aerobes - Grow in the presence of oxygen



Aerotolerant anaerobes - Aren't harmed by oxygen, but don't use it either.

,Agar - Sulfated polysaccharide used to solidify liquid media (red algae)



Alcohols - - most widely used

- ethanol/isopropanol

- not sporicidal

- inactivate some viruses

- denature proteins and dissolve membrane lipids



Aldehydes - - formaldehyde/glutaraldehyde

- very reactive

- sporicidal

- chemical sterilants

- inactivate nucleic acids and proteins



All organisms require - Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and electrons



amphitrichous - one flagellum at each end of cell



Anaerobic - Growth occurs without oxygen



Anaerobic workstation - Incubator, work gloves, airlock



antimicrobial agents - agents that kill microorganisms or inhibit their growth

- cidal agents kill

- static agents inhibit growth



antiport example - - transport of sugars and amino acids in e coli while pumping sodium out

, antisepsis - - destruction or inhibition of microorganisms on living tissue

antiseptics



Antiseptics - Chemicals that can be used on living tissue to kill pathogenic microbes



Autoclave - pressure regulator, safety valve, steam jacket, steam supply, door gasket



Autotrophs - Assimilate carbon from inorganic sources



bacterial cell surface - - motility from flagella (spiral, hollow, rigid filaments extending form cell
surface)



bacterial cell wall - - peptidoglycan (murein)

- rigid structure just outside of the cell membrane

- gram positive/gram negative

- maintains shape, protects cell from osmotic lysis, protects from toxic material, contributes to
pathogenicity



Bacterial lipids - - very dynamic, saturation levels reflect environmental conditions

- lack sterols, but have sterol like molecules (hopanoids - stabilize membrane, found in petroleum)



bacterial taxonomy - standard binomial nomenclature

- species (group of strains charing common features)

- genus (group of closely related species)

- phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

- world federation for culture collections



Balanced growth - Cellular constituents manufactured at constant rates relative to each other

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