Samenvatting van de gastcolleges als onderdeel van het vak 'Longen 1' gegeven in de 2e Bachelor Geneeskunde aan de UA. Volledige samenvatting gebaseerd op college slides, eigen lesnotities én handboek.
Inhoud
- gastcolleges
- leerstof tijdens Carrousel en practica
Inhoudstafel
De tol van roken & principes van rookstop................................................................................................. 7
De grootteorde van tabakroken..................................................................................................................7
Prevalentie......................................................................................................................................7
Determinanten van preventie..............................................................................................8
Tabaksgebruik - naar een gezond België....................................................................................... 8
Toxicologie van roken.................................................................................................................................9
7000 chemicaliën in een sigaret..................................................................................................... 9
De menselijke tol van tabak roken........................................................................................................... 10
Bradford-Hill criteria voor causaliteit van een associatie tussen blootstelling en ziekte............... 10
Pathofysiologie van roken in het ademhalingsstelsel................................................................... 10
Risico van tabak in vergelijking met andere doodsoorzaken....................................................... 10
Organisatie van rookpreventie..................................................................................................................11
Economische kosten van roken....................................................................................................11
Preventie WHO.............................................................................................................................12
Klinische voorbeelden van longlijden (+ zie ppt.).....................................................................................62
Obstructieve longziekten.......................................................................................................................... 62
COPD........................................................................................................................................... 62
Asthma bronchiale........................................................................................................................63
Medicatie.......................................................................................................................... 63
Mucoviscidose.............................................................................................................................. 63
Compressie van buitenaf..............................................................................................................64
Restrictieve longziekten........................................................................................................................... 64
Idiopathische longfibrose..............................................................................................................64
Kyfoscoliose................................................................................................................................. 65
Maligne pleuraal mesothelioom....................................................................................................65
Hypersensitiviteitspneumonitis..................................................................................................... 66
Het respiratoire controlesysteem..............................................................................................................67
Centrale chemoreceptoren........................................................................................................... 67
Perifere chemoreceptoren............................................................................................................ 67
Relatie tussen ventilatie en Pa, CO2............................................................................................68
CO2 ventilatoire controlesysteem.....................................................................................68
Respiratoir ritme genererend centrum..........................................................................................68
Effect van opioïden (bv. morfine)...................................................................................... 69
Pontiene respiratoire groep (PRG, pons)..................................................................................... 69
Hypoglossus motor nucleus......................................................................................................... 69
Overzicht...................................................................................................................................... 69
Vrijwillige ademhaling (motorische cortex)................................................................................... 69
Controle-feedback systeem..........................................................................................................69
Loop gain.......................................................................................................................... 70
Receptoren in de luchtwegen....................................................................................................... 70
Overige receptoren.......................................................................................................................71
Overzicht...................................................................................................................................... 71
Evaluatie ademhalingscontrole................................................................................................................ 71
Directe methoden......................................................................................................................... 71
Indirecte methoden.......................................................................................................................72
Bloedgassen (ABG).......................................................................................................... 72
Slaaponderzoek................................................................................................................73
Pathologische adempatronen........................................................................................... 74
Nachtelijke ademregulatie bij centrale slaapapneu (CSA)....................................................................... 74
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