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Final Exam CHEM 219 questions and answers verified answers||Latest 2024/2025
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Final Exam CHEM 219The speed of a wave (c) is the product of its frequency (ν) and wavelength (λ). - ANSE = hv = h
xc/λ
nm to m
or
m to nm - ANS1 m / 10^9 nm
or
10^9 nm / 1 m
What is the maximum number of electrons that can have the quantum numbers n = 3, ℓ = 2, mℓ
= -2? - ANSThe Pauli exclusion principle states that no two electrons in a given atom can share
the same set of four quantum numbers (n, ℓ, mℓ, ms). This set of quantum numbers contains
three quantum numbers, with the only missing quantum number being ms, which can take on
the values +½ and -½. Therefore, this set of three quantum numbers represents a single atomic
orbital, which can contain two unique electrons: one with ms = +½ and one with ms = -½.
An exothermic reaction causes the surroundings to - ANSAn exothermic reaction transfers
energy from the system to the surroundings. That tells us the surroundings will get warmer.
A theory is another word for a(n) _________. - ANSA theory or model is a well established
explanation of a phenomenon based on a series of facts and a body of evidence.
What is the definition of a natural law? - ANSA scientific law summarizes an observable
behavior.
The skeletal structure of a complex organic molecule is shown below. Determine the number of
sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds in the molecule. - ANSRemember a single bond = 1 σ; a double
bond = 1 σ + 1 π; a triple bond = 1 σ + 2 π. This molecule contains 6 double bonds, so there are
6σ and 6π. There are 28 single bonds, so there are 28 σ. This is a total 34σ and 6π.
strontium phosphate - ANSSr₃(PO₄)₂
Which of the following statements is true? - ANSOne driving force in the vaporization of a liquid
is an increase in disorder (entropy). Gas molecules are more disordered than liquid molecules.
Adding a non-volatile solute to a liquid also increases the disorder of the liquid molecules, so the
difference in disorder between the liquid and gas phases is not as great as with a pure
, substance. Therefore the tendency to vaporize is not as great for the solution as it is for the pure
liquid, resulting in a lower vapor pressure for the solution.
Which of the following aqueous solutions would have the highest boiling point?
A) 1.0 m NaNO3
B) 1.0 m HF
C) 1.0 m C₆H₁₂O₆
D) 1.0 m CaCl2 - ANSThe dissolved solute will raise the boiling point. The more "things" that are
dissolved (ions or molecules), the higher the boiling point will be. The CaCl₂ will break up into
one Ca²⁺ ion and two Cl⁻ ions and there will be a concentration of 3.0 m of "things" in solution.
The other choices will have fewer "things" in solution and will raise the boiling point less.
Which one of the following aqueous solutions would have the highest freezing point?
A) 1.0 m NaNO3
B) 2.0 m CH3OH
C) 1.0 m C₆H₁₂O₆
D) 1.0 m CaCl2 - ANSThe dissolved solute will lower the freezing point. The more "things" that
are dissolved (ions or molecules), the lower the freezing point will be. Since C₆H₁₂O₆ is a
molecule, it will not break apart and there will only be a concentration of 1.0 m of molecules in
solution. It will lower the freezing point less than all the other choices. There will be fewer
"things" in solution and this will lower the freezing point less than the other choices.
isoelectronic ions - ANSions containing the same number of electrons
Which of the following bonds is the most polar? - ANSElements that are located far away from
each other on the periodic table have larger electronegativity differences and therefore make
more polar bonds. Of all the element pairs listed, Rb and Br are the farthest apart.
Three blocks of the same shape and size are placed in front of you. Block A has a mass of 3.0
g, block B is 5.0 g, and block C is 10.0 g. Which has the higher density? - ANSDensity is the
ratio of mass to volume. Since the volume is constant between all the blocks, then the block
with the highest mass will have the highest density.
Density equation - ANSmass/volume
dRT = PM
The solubility of a gas in a liquid generally
A) increases with increasing temperature.
B) increases with decreasing temperature.
C) increases with increasing pressure.
D) both (a) and (c).
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