Summary
Samenvatting Flashcards antibiotica & parasieten - Infectieziekten 2
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Flashcards van de verschillende antibiotica en parasieten die aanbod kwamen bij het vak "Infectieziekten 2".
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ANTIBIOTICA ___________________________________Penicilline
klase penicillines (BL)
mechanisme celwandsynthese inhibitie en beschadiging
spectrum gram-positieve (streptococcen)
spirochaetes/spirillen (syphilis)
kinetiek intraveneus (IV), intramusculair (IM) (en peroraal)
time-dependent → regelmatige inname/continu infuus
safety & allergy IgE gemedieerde allergie
resistentie Staphylococci: > 80%
Pneumococci: variabel
groep A streptococci: laag
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Cloxacilline
klase penicillines (BL)
mechanisme celwandsynthese inhibitie en beschadiging
spectrum gram-positieve → Staphylococcus spp. (resistent tegen penicilline)
voorkeursbehandeling voor invasieve S. aureus-infecties
kinetiek intraveneus (IV), peroraal (PO)
time-dependent → regelmatige inname
safety & allergy IgE gemedieerde allergie
resistentie MRSA: variabel (15-25-40%)
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Amoxicilline + clavulaanzuur
klase penicillines (BL)
mechanisme celwandsynthese inhibitie en beschadiging
spectrum gram-positieve, gram-negatieve en anaëroben
→ clavulaanzuur helpt om bèta-lactamasen te omzeilen
kinetiek intraveneus (IV), peroraal (PO)
time-dependent → regelmatige inname
safety & allergy IgE gemedieerde allergie
resistentie ESBL (extended spectrum beta-lactamase), ampC, CPE
(carbapenemase-producerende Enterobacteriaceae)
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, Ceftriaxone
klase cephalosporins (BL)
mechanisme celwandsynthese inhibitie en beschadiging
spectrum gram-positieve en gram-negatieve
(geen enterococci, beperkte anaëroben)
kinetiek intraveneus (IV) en intramusculair (IM)
time-dependent, maar langwerkend
goede penetratie in ontstoken hersenvliezen
safety & allergy IgE gemedieerde allergie
resistentie ESBL (extended spectrum bèta-lactamase), cephalosporinases
andere enkel IM: 1 keer/dag inspuiten
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Meropenem
klase carbapenems (BL)
mechanisme celwandsynthese inhibitie en beschadiging
spectrum gram-positieve, gram-negatieve, anaëroben, ESBL en pseudomonas
kinetiek intraveneus (IV)
time-dependent → frequente inname
goede penetratie in CFS
safety & allergy veilig alternatief voor penicilline-allergie
zeer breed spectrum → verdere selectie van carbapenemresistentie
resistentie carbapenemases (NDM1, KPC, oxa …)
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