NERC RC Exam Questions and Answers
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What is ACE? - (NIa - NIs) - 10β(fa - fs) - Ime
Calculated every 6 seconds
Uses Tie line Frequency Bias
What is Tie line deviation? - Largest offset to ACE
What is NIA? - Net Interchange Actual (sum of all tie-line valu...
What is Tie line deviation? - ✔✔Largest offset to ACE
What is NIA? - ✔✔Net Interchange Actual (sum of all tie-line values)
What is NIS? - ✔✔Net Interchange Scheduled (sum of all interchange
schedules)
What is the multiplier for frequency bias? - ✔✔10
What is β? - ✔✔Frequency bias - represented as negative number in ACE
calculation - reflects area natural response to frequency changes (Inertia,
Governor, Load) - atleast 1% of annual peak load for areas with native load
- 1% of peak generation output for area with no load
What is FA? - ✔✔Frequency Actual
,What is FS? - ✔✔Frequency Schedule - normally 60.00 HZ except for time
corrections - +/- .02 Hz
What is IME? - ✔✔Meter error
fudge factor
used for inadvertent bilateral payback
Negligible
What should be done if unable to calculate ACE for 30 minutes? -
✔✔Contact RC
How often should time error and frequency devices be checked/calibrated?
- ✔✔Annually
Negative Ace - ✔✔The BA is Undergenerating
Positve ACE - ✔✔The BA is Overgenerating
What happens during Internal Loss of Load? - ✔✔Frequency and ACE
increase.
What happens during External Loss of Load? - ✔✔Frequency increases,
no change in ACE.
What is the Frequency Bias Setting? - ✔✔Monthly average >= 1% of
estimated yearly peak demand per 0.1 Hz
, When should the Balancing Authority recalculate its Frequency Bias
Setting? - ✔✔By January 1 of each year
What happens when there is internal generation loss? - ✔✔Frequency and
ACE drop, tie-line flows increase into the system
What happens when there is external generation loss? - ✔✔Frequency
drops, no change in ACE, net tie-line flows increase out of the system
What happens when Frequency bias setting is lower than frequency
response? - ✔✔ACE will be positive causing the AGC to lower generation
What is the percentage change in load required for a 1% change in
frequency? - ✔✔1% - 2% change in load
What is the load reduction when Transmission Customer Voltage is
reduced by 5%? - ✔✔Load will reduce by 3%
What happens to ACE and AGC when the frequency bias setting is set to a
less negative value than the frequency response of a Balancing Authority
and a frequency increase is caused by a sudden loss of load in an external
balancing area? - ✔✔ACE will be a negative value and AGC will increase
generation
What happens to ACE and AGC when the frequency bias setting is less
negative than the frequency response of a Balancing Authority and a
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