Exam (elaborations)
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - POPULATION GROUPS AND COMMUNITIES 2025
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COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - POPULATION GROUPS AND COMMUNITIES 2025
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COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - POPULATIONGROUPS AND COMMUNITIES 2025
COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSING
Content Outline
Part 1 Definition of Terms
Part 2 Basic Principles of CHN
Part 3 Roles and Functions of the PHN
Part 4 Levels of Care
Part 5 Levels of Clientele
Part 6 Health Care Delivery System
Part 7 Primary Health Care
Part 8 Ten Herbal Plants Recommended by
the DOH
Part 9 Family Nursing Process
Part 10 Community Diagnosis
Part 11 COPAR
Part 12 Selected Public Health Situation
Part 13 Vital Statistics
Part 14 Epidemiology
Part 15 Demography
Part 16 Target Setting
Part 17 Environmental Sanitation
Part 18 DOH National Events
,PART 1 DEFINITION OF TERMS
A. Public Health
• Science and Art of Preventing Disease, Prolonging Life, Promoting
Health and efficiency through organized community effort for the
sanitation of the environment, control of communicable diseases,
the education of individuals in personal hygiene, the organization
of medical and nursing services for the early diagnosis and
preventive treatment of disease, and the development of social
machinery to ensure everyone a standard of living adequate for
the maintenance of health, so organizing these benefits as to
Enable Every Citizen to Realize His Birthright to Health and
Longevity
- Dr. C.E. Winslow
• Art of applying Science in the Context of Politics so as to Reduce
Inequalities in Health while ensuring the best health for the
greatest number
- WHO
B. Public Health Nursing
• Special Field of Nursing that combines the skills of nursing, public
health, and some phases of social assistance and functions as
part of the total public health program for the promotion of
health, the improvement of the conditions in the social and
physical environment, rehabilitation of illness and disability.
- WHO
C. Community Health Nursing
• Service rendered by a professional nurse with communities,
groups, families, individuals at home, in health centers, in clinics,
in schools, in places of work for the promotion of health,
prevention of illness, care of the sick at home and rehabilitation.
- Ruth B. Freeman
• Nursing Practice in a wide variety of community services and
consumer advocate areas, and in a variety of roles, at times
including independent practice… community nursing is certainly
not confined to public health nursing agencies.
- Jacobson
• The utilization of the Nursing Process in the Different Levels of
Clientele-Individuals, Families, Population Groups and
Communities, concerned with the Promotion of Health,
Prevention of Disease and Disability and Rehabilitation
- Dr. Araceli Maglaya
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,Part 2 Basic Principles of CHN
A. Brief History of Nursing
• The Community is the patient in CHN; The Family is the Unit of
Care; and there are four levels of clientele: Individual, Family,
Population Group (those who share common characteristics,
developmental stages, and common exposure to health problems
—e.g. children, elderly), and the Community
• In CHN, the client is considered as an Active Partner, not a
passive recipient of care.
• CHN Practice is affected by developments in Health Technology,
in Particular, Changes in Society, in General.
• The goal of CHN is achieved through Multi-Sectoral Efforts
• CHN is a part of the Health Care System and the larger Human
Services System
B. Philosophy of CHN
• A philosophy is defined as a system of beliefs that provides a
basis for a guides action. A philosophy provides the direction and
describes the whats, the whys, and the hows of activities within a
profession.
• CHN Practice is guided by the following beliefs:
Humanistic values of the nursing profession upheld
Unique and distinct component of health care
Multiple factors of health considered
Active participation of clients encouraged
Nurse considers availability of resources
Interdependence among health team members practiced
Scientific and up-to-date
Tasks of CHN vary with time and place
Independence or self-reliance of the people is the end goal
Connectedness of health and development regarded
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, Part 3 Roles and Functions of the Public Health Nurse
A. Roles of the CHN
• Clinician or Health Care Provider: utilizes the nursing process in
the care of the client in the home setting through home visits and in
public health care facilities; conducts referral of patients to appropriate
levels of care when necessary
• Health Educator: utilizes teaching skills to improve the health
knowledge, skills and attitude of the individual, family and the
community and conducts health information campaigns to various
groups for the purpose of health promotion and disease prevention
• Coordinator and collaborator: establishes linkages and
collaborative relationships with other health professionals, government
agencies, the private sector, non-government organizations and
people’s organizations to address health problems
• Supervisor: monitors and supervises the performance of midwives
and other auxiliary health workers; also initiates the formulation of
staff development and training programs for midwives and other
auxiliary health workers as part of their training function as supervisors
• Leader and Change Agent: influences people to participate in the
overall process of community development
• Manager: organizes the nursing service component of the local health
agency or local government unit; also, as program manager, the PHN is
responsible for the delivery of the package of services provided by the
health program to target clientele
• Researcher: participates in the conduct of research and utilizes
research findings in practice
B. Responsibilities of the CHN
• Be a part in developing an overall health plan, its implementation and
evaluation for communities.
• Provide quality nursing services to the four levels of clientele
• Maintain coordination/linkages with other health team members, NGO/
government agencies in the provision of public health services
• Conduct researches relevant to CHN services to improve provision of
health care
• Provide opportunities for professional growth and continuing education
for staff development
C. Specialized Fields of CHN
• Community Mental Health Nursing: a unique clinical process which
includes an integration of concepts from nursing, mental health, social
psychology, psychology, community networks, and the basic sciences
• Occupational Health Nursing: the application of nursing principles
and procedures conserving the health of workers in all occupation
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