NSG 533 Final Advanced Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions and correctly detailed Answers 2024/2025
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NSG 533 Final Advanced Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions and correctly detailed Answers 2024/2025
What is the benefit of Esophageal Manometry - correct answer Patients who have failed BID PPIs & have a normal endoscopic finding or those considering antireflux surgery
How is excessive eso...
NSG 533 Final Advanced Pharmacology Exam
Practice Questions and correctly detailed
Answers 2024/2025
What is the benefit of Esophageal Manometry - correct answer Patients
who have failed BID PPIs & have a normal endoscopic finding or those
considering antireflux surgery
How is excessive esophageal acid exposure & frequence of reflux episodes
identified - correct answer Ambulatory Esophageal Reflux Monitoring
How is Barrett Esophagus confirmed - correct answer Mucosal Biopsy
What poses an increased risk of esophageal cancer - correct answer
Barrett's esophagus
What is the purpose of Endoscopy in diagnostic testing - correct answer
1) Assessing mucosal injury
2) Identifying complications such as Esophageal Strictures (making
swallowing difficult)
3) Erosive Esophagitis caused by repeated & prolonged exposure to gastric
refluxate
4) Patients who don't respond to adequate trial of BID PPI-proton pump
inhibitor
Name 3 reasons, or when, diagnostic testing is conducted for GERD - correct
answer Diagnostic testing is performed for GERD when:
,1) Patients present with Atypical or Alarm symptoms & help determine if
symptoms are r/t acid.
2) Patients who didn't respond to acid suppression therapy
3) Prior to antireflux surgery
How is GERD diagnosed - correct answer 1) Patient presents with typical
GERD symptoms
2) Patient responds positively to trial of acid-suppressing therapy
True or False: Patients with normal BMI may experience new-onset GERD
symptoms with weight gain - correct answer True
What 2 factors increase gastric volume & decrease gastric emptying - correct
answer Smoking & high-fat meals are associated with reflux
Name the four components of reflux that promote mucosal erosion and GERD
symptoms - correct answer 1) Gastric Acid
2) Pepsin
3) Bile Acids
4) Pancreatic Enzymes
Which drug class is most effective in treating erosive lesions: - correct
answer PPIs
,What is the action of H2RAs - correct answer Decrease acid secretion by
blocking histamine 2-receptors in gastric parietal cells
Name 4 benefits of H2RAs - correct answer 1. Relieve GERD symptoms
2. Can be administered prophylactically
3. More effective at controlling chronic GERD symptoms than ANTACIDS
4. Intermittent & routine dosing possible based on degree of symptom control
needed.
Name 2 drawbacks of H2RAs - correct answer 1. Less effective in
controlling chronic GERD symptoms than PPIs
2. Renal elimination may require dose adjustment in kidney dysfunction
patients
What are the side effects associated with H2RAs - correct answer H/A,
nausea (Cimetidine), weak inhibitor, common drug interactions,
gynecomastia, & Vit B-12 deficiency which affects patients' tolerance
Name the benefits of Antacids - correct answer 1. Useful for intermittent
treatment of GERD symptoms
2. Immediate symptom relief
3. Usually well-tolerated
What are the drawbacks of Antacids - correct answer 1. Requires frequent
dosing
2. Aluminum or Magnesium containing antacids may result in electrolyte
imbalances esp. in pts. w/renal impairment
3. May interfere w/absorption of fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, iron products,
& thyroid hormones
(doses should be several hours apart)
, What are the side effects of Antacids - correct answer May cause
Constipation or Diarrhea depending on the formulation used
What is the Pharmacological Therapy Effectiveness of Antacids - correct
answer Antacids briefly neutralize gastric acid but lacks acid-suppressive
properties & are inferior to H2RAs
What is the Pharmacological Therapy Effectiveness of H2RAs - correct
answer Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonists decrease acid secretion to a
lesser extent than PPIs (& are therefore inferior to PPIs)
What is the Pharmacological Therapy Effectiveness of PPIs - correct answer
Proton Pump Inhibitors block the rate-limiting step in acid secretion from
gastric parietal cells & block all pathways for gastric acid secretion & therefore
are better than H2RAs
What is the treatment goal of pharmacological therapy in GERD - correct
answer Increase the pH of gastric content by; 1) Direct gastric acid
neutralization 2) Reduce acid production through inhibiting the stimulation of
pathways to decrease GERD symptoms and prevent tissue damage
Which Bariatric Surgery is effective in reducing GERD symptoms in obese
patients - correct answer Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Which Bariatric Surgery is ineffective in reducing GERD symptoms in obese
patients - correct answer Vertical banded gastroplasty
Which is more beneficial in esophagitis symptom control; Omeprazole or
Antireflux surgery - correct answer In a 7-year follow-up study, Antireflux
surgery provided more symptom control in esophagitis patients
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