Direct threat describing possible future act against the target "I will kill you"
O'Toole, 2000
Needed in order to launch a physical assualt on a target displayed as in the steps on the
pathway to violence Calhoun and Weston, 2009
Serious mental illness in 86.9% of cases delusional and grandiose
Motivation 31% royal identity 18% amity seekers- friendships and 6% querelants- quest for
justice
Successful breaches- 82% had severe mental illness thought to be royalty
Those who seek friendships do not breach, those who sets of entitlement breach. Hostile
aggressive more likely to have a weapon
Querelant more likely violent
Progesssion towards an act of violence
Grievance
Violent ideation
Research/planning
Preparation for violence
Breaches
Attack
Calhoun and Weston, 2003; Fein, Vossekuil, Pollack, Borum, Modzeleski, and Reddy, 2002
,Definition 2 of 64
According to Calhoun and Weston in Hunters and Howlers:
1. Specious threats- A ring of truth or possibility, but no evidence found of any effort to carry them
out
Ex: " I will kill you, you're a dead man."
2. Enhanced threats- some evidence of effort to implement the threat
Ex: suspected visiting the courthouse
3. Violent threats- violence involved in implementation
*most were specious
Threat Categories
Virginia Tech Shooting
Threat control override
Threat management process
Definition 3 of 64
Cumulative effect on an event can have when it initiated a succession of similar events - tends to
lose inhibitors to affect other aspects in subjects life and creates a downward spiral Calhoun and
Weston, 2012
Domino Theory
Domino Effect
Lateral Effect
Slipstream Effect
,Term 4 of 64
Last resort behavior
AKA Biters- individual who intend to follow the pathway to violence
1. Facts
2. Subject
3. Attack related behaviors
4. Motives related to target selection
5. Target selection
Needed in order to launch a physical assualt on a target displayed as in the steps on the
pathway to violence Calhoun and Weston, 2009
End of life decision by subject can lead to targeted violence as a means of fame or
martyrdom
Meloy, 2011
Definition 5 of 64
Direct threat describing possible future act against the target "I will kill you"
O'Toole, 2000
Overt threat
Insider threat
Intended violence
Proportionate responses
, Term 6 of 64
Threat control override
evaluates an individual's likelihood of engaging in future violence. Based on personal and
Situational variables
Hart, 1998; Rogers, 2000;
Violets plant by the attacker it does not involve reactive or emotional component or an
eminent threat to the attacker- premeditated or cold blooded
Meloy, 2006
Individual or groups becomes defensive and is surrounded by fortifications to keep
information in and detractors out. Can lead to overestimation of risk Calhoun and Weston,
2012
Individual believes that they are not in control of their actions but instead are being
commanded by an outside usually malevolent force
Term 7 of 64
Breach
Compromised or circumvented security measures Calhoun and Weston, 2002
Compromised or circumvented security measures Calhoun and Weston, 2003
Compromised or circumvented security measures Calhoun and Weston, 1993
Compromised or circumvented security measures Calhoun and Weston, 1998
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