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Straighterline Micro 250 final prep Exam Questions & Answers
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Straighterline Micro 250 final prep Exam Questions & Answers
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Straighterline Micro 250 final prep ExamQuestions & Answers
Which class of eukaryotic microorganisms can be subdivided into groups
such as Mastigophora, Sarcodina, Ciliophora, and Apicomplexa?
A. Helminths
B. Algae
C. Protozoa
D. Fungi - -Protozoa
-Genetic material can be excised from one chromosome and directly
integrated into another via
A. conjugation.
B. transformation.
C. transduction.
D. transposons. - -transposons.
-Which immune cell secretes numerous cytokines that help to coordinate
the response of other immune cells?
A. B cell
B. TH cell
C. TC cell
D. Platelets - -TH cell
-Which of the following enzymes are used to amplify DNA during PCR?
A. restriction endonuclease
B. DNA polymerase
C. reverse transcriptase
,D. DNA ligase - -DNA polymerase
-In the nitrogen cycle, which of the following steps involves removal of
nitrogen from the atmosphere by bacteria? - -nitrogen fixation, In nitrogen
fixation, nitrogen is removed from the atmosphere by nitrogen-fixing
bacteria and converted to ammonia.
-If enough h+ ions are added to pure water to raise the H+ concentration of
the solution to ten times higher than the original concentration, what is the
resulting OH- concentration of the solution? - -10 -8M
-Fungi are able to reproduce asexually by creating conidiospores and
sporangiospores. Which of the following is an accurate explanation for why it
is advantageous that they are also capable of sexual reproduction?
Select one:
a. Asexually produced offspring are more likely to compete for resources and
will kill off the parental fungi.
b. Fungi normally produce sexually but produce asexually in harsh conditions
such as severe drought.
c. Offspring from two parents may have variations in form and function that
contribute to survival of the species.
d. Sexual reproduction produces more offspring at a faster rate than spore
formation. - -Offspring from two parents may have variations in form and
function that contribute to survival of the species.
-In a laboratory bacterial cell culture that has been infected by a virus,
plaques are areas in which
Select one:
a. bacterial cells are resistant to the virus and have not been infected.
b. there is no nutrient available for the bacteria to grow.
c. the virus has spread and left behind the remains of dead cells.
d. the virus has not yet spread to that area of cells. - -the virus has spread
and left behind the remains of dead cells.
-The sun's energy is delivered as discrete packets that travel as waves and
are called
Select one:
a. ATP.
b. carotenoids.
c. NADP.
d. photons. - -photons.
-Which of the following is a characteristic of aerobic respiration?
Select one:
,a. Oxygen-containing ions act as the final electron acceptors in electron
transport.
b. The process includes glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron
transport chain.
c. Aerobic respiration produces a total of 2 ATP molecules.
d. Aerobic respiration produces lactic acid. - -The three stages of aerobic
respiration are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
-n completing protein synthesis in a prokaryote, what basic message is
carried by a specialized codon that has no corresponding tRNA?
Select one:
a. "Fold peptide chain."
b. "Terminate here."
c. "Add cofactor."
d. "Clip starting amino acid." - -"Terminate here." The specialized codon
signals the end of protein synthesis; there is not RNA because it is only
needed if the process is to continue.
-Microbial drug resistance can be caused by mutations or by introduction of
new genes into a population. Which of the following can only be caused by
the introduction of new genes into a population?
Select one:
a. a metabolic pathway in the bacterium is shut down
b. binding sites for the drug are reduced in number or affinity to the drug
c. new enzymes that inactivate the drug are synthesized
d. uptake of the drug into the bacterium is diminished - -new enzymes that
inactivate the drug are synthesized. This can only occur if new genes are
introduced into the population.
-Why do the hands, feet, and breasts have more lymphatic vessels for host
defense than other areas of the human body?
Select one:
a. They have a high risk for infection due to frequent contact.
b. They have a greater density of nerves.
c. They require complex movement of fluids from the extremities.
d. They are located a long distance from the thalamus. - -They have a high
risk for infection due to frequent contact.
-Penicillin functions as an antimicrobial agent by inhibiting bacterial
Select one:
a. cell wall synthesis.
b. folic acid synthesis.
c. protein synthesis.
d. RNA and DNA function. - -cell wall synthesis. Penicillin belongs to a class
of antibacterial agents that interfere with the production of the material that
, makes up the bacterial cell wall. The bacteria must constantly replace this
material or they will become susceptible to rupture due to osmotic pressure.
-If enough ions are added to pure water to raise the concentration of the
solution to ten times higher than the original concentration, what is the
resulting concentration of the solution? - -
-The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called - -
phylogeny
-The three cell types discussed, eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteria, all
derived from - -Last Universal Common Ancestor
-Organisms called parasites are - -always harmful to their host.
-Which of the following does not indicate microbe involvement in energy and
nutrient flow - -Thermal hot springs warmed by heat from earth's interior
-The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are the - -Electrons
-The number one worldwide infectious diseases are - -respiratory diseases
-A fat is called _____ if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single-bonded to
2 other carbons and 2 hydrogens. - -saturated
-One technique for staining bacteria for viewing under the microscope is
called the Gram stain. In this technique, alcohol is used as a decolorizer
because it degrades the outer membrane found in some bacteria. What
chemical component of the cell does alcohol affect? - -lipid
-If a microbiologist is studying a specimen at a total magnification of 950X,
what is the magnifying power of the objective lens if the ocular lens is 10X? -
-95X
-NASA has published a list of criteria for identifying fossil bacteria in samples
from Mars, as part of a search for evidence of life. Which of the following is
good evidence for the presence of bacterial cells? - -cell size of 0.5 to 2
microns
-Which type of microscope achieves the greatest resolution and highest
magnification? - -electron
-Which of the following is produced by adding 1% to 5% agar to nutrient
broth that is then boiled and cooled? - -a solid medium
-a spongiform encephalopathy of humans - -Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
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