Before adding equipment to your aquatic program, you should recognize the purpose of the
equipment, be aware of all safety considerations, and understand how the equipment will
alter training results. - ANSWhat factors should you consider when making an investment in
aquatic equipment?
Muscles are generally found in pairs in the body on either side of a joint, allowing them to
move bones in both directions. Paired muscles have a relationship that allows one muscle to
relax (antagonist) or stretch while the other muscle is shortening or contracting (agonist).
These actions create concentric and eccentric muscle actions. - ANSWhat muscles are
responsible for primary movements in exercise?
Movement on land is affected by the pull of gravity. Any movement performed away from the
ground is gravity resisted. This movement creates a concentric muscle action. Any
movement performed toward the ground is gravity assisted. Because gravity assists
downward movement, there is an eccentric muscle action to lower a limb or weight toward
the earth with control. - ANSHow does gravity affect the muscle being used and the type of
the muscle action?
Introducing drag equipment simply increases the drag forces of the water. The muscle
equation becomes the same as the equation for moving in the water without equipment;
however the resistance force has been magnified. - ANSHow do the water's viscosity and
drag affect the muscle use equation when submerged?
Buoyed muscle action is opposite of weighted muscle action. The buoyancy vector is
vertical, points upward, and buoyancy affects movement toward the surface and bottom of
the pool. Any movement toward the bottom of the pool with a buoyant object is buoyancy
resisted and usually creates a concentric muscle action. Any movement toward the surface
of the water is buoyancy assisted and usually creates eccentric muscle action. - ANSWhen
using buoyant equipment, in which direction is the movement resisted and in which direction
is the movement assisted?
Muscle action for weighted resistance in the water is very similar to land. Weighted
equipment sinks in the water and is influenced by the forces of gravity. As long as the
weighted resistance is denser than water and sinks, it will be affected by gravity. Any
movement performed upward against the forces of gravity is gravity resisted and usually
creates a concentric muscle action. Any movement performed downward is assisted by the
forces of gravity and usually creates eccentric muscle action. - ANSHow does using
weighted equipment in the water differ from using weighted equipment on land?
Drag coefficient is an experimentally determined value that represents the relative effect of
an object's frontal profile on its fluid drag. This value varies with it's shape. These numerical
drag coefficient values indicate the relative difficulty of the respective shape to be moved
, through the water. These values presume that all objects have the same projected area. -
ANSWhat is "drag coefficient"? What affects the intensity of drag equipment?
No. The muscle action created by rubberized equipment, is virtually the same regardless of
the environment. Any muscle action away from the anchored point is resisted and
concentric. Any muscle action toward the anchored point is assisted and eccentric. - ANSIs
using rubberized equipment in the pool any different from using it on land?
Flotation equipment is generally not used to increase resistance, rather it is primarily used to
create normal buoyancy. The type and size of flotation equipment can affect neutral
positioning in the water. Body composition, in particular fat deposits and muscle density,
affect the placement and use of flotation equipment. - ANSHow does the type and size of
flotation equipment affect positioning in the water?
Usability
Population appropriate
Storage and transportation
Durability and maintenance
Suitable for your pool
Brings in additional participants - ANSList the five factors to consider when selecting and
purchasing aquatic equipment.
concentric, eccentric - ANSWhen performing a standing leg curl on land, knee flexion is a(n)
_______________________ action of the hamstring muscles, and extension is a(n)
_______________________ action of the hamstring muscles.
concentric, concentric - ANSWhen performing a front kick in the water, hip flexion is a(n)
_______________________ action of the iliopsoas muscles, and extension is a(n)
_____________________ action of the gluteus maximus muscles.
resisted, resisted - ANSWhen incorporating drag equipment, a lateral arm raise is (resisted
or assisted) up and (resisted or assisted) down.
Any movement away from the anchored point is resisted; any movement toward the
anchored point is facilitated, or assisted, by the equipment. - ANSDescribe how the anchor
point affects muscle use when working with rubberized equipment.
False - ANSWhen exercising in the water, you need to understand only the effect of
buoyancy because gravity is no longer a factor that influences movement. True or False?
Pure movement - ANS______________________________ is the muscle action void of
environment effects, including gravity, water, and equipment.
b. deltoids, hip abductors, and iliopsoas. - ANSUsing buoyancy equipment in the water, it is
difficult to target the ______________________________ unless you assume awkward
positions.
a. latissimus, hip adductors, and gluteals
b. deltoids, hip abductors, and iliopsoas
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