AEA EOC 2024
A 49-year-old woman experienced irregular menstruation for the past 3 years. Which ONE of
the following signs is MOST LIKELY to occur over the next 12 months?
a. A widened thermoregulatory zone
b. Increased size of the uterus
c. Increased vaginal muscle tone
d. Increased collagen production in the pelvic supporting structures
e. Increased likelihood of urinary tract infections - ANSE
The management of colorectal cancer is guided by all of the following principles EXCEPT:
a. Resection of the draining lymph nodes lying along the blood vessels supplying the tumour
b. Resection of the tumour with a cuff of normal tissue when the tumour is locally invasive
c. Relief of large bowel obstruction with surgery or the insertion of a colonic stent
d. Resection of the tumour to prevent ongoing bleeding
e. The use of pre-operative radiotherapy in locally invasive colon cancer - ANSE
The signs of morphine toxicity include:
a. Muscle aches, dilated pupils, constipation
b. Drowsiness, myoclonus, confusion
c. Constipation, drowsiness, hallucinations
d. Constipation, hearing impairment, taste disturbance
e. Fevers, myoclonus, drowsiness - ANSB
A 53-year-old woman is having 3 to 6 hot flushes a day and experiences dyspareunia. It is 2
years since her last menstrual cycle. Her predicted cardiovascular risk score is 4%. She has
low bone density, an intact uterus, and no history of breast cancer. Which ONE of the
following treatments would be MOST suitable for this patient?
a. Oestrogen-only hormone replacement therapy
b. Ospemifene - a selective oestrogen receptor modulator
c. Combined oestrogen and progestin hormone replacement therapy
d. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
e. Clonidine - an α2-adrenergic receptor inhibitor - ANSC
A weak sensory stimulus elicits an action potential in a nerve axon. During the repolarisation
and after hyperpolarisation phases of this action potential, all of the following statements are
true, EXCEPT:
a. K+ ions are leaving the axon
b. The membrane conductance for K+ reaches its peak value
c. The membrane potential reaches a more negative value than at rest
d. The same stimulus is likely to elicit another action potential
e. The voltage-gated Na+ channels are mostly inactivated - ANSD
, In bone remodelling:
a. Osteoprotegerin secretion increases calcium release
b. Osteoclasts secrete the osteoid seam
c. Osteoprotegerin inhibits RANKL stimulation of osteoclast activity
d. Osteoclasts secrete RANKL
e. RANKL increases collagen secretion at the resorption bays - ANSC
A 53-year-old menopausal woman has osteoporosis and is reporting night sweats and hot
flushes. She has a family history of breast cancer. Which ONE of the following classes of
drug is MOST SUITABLE to treat her symptoms?
a. An oestrogen
b. A selective oestrogen receptor modulator
c. An α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist
d. An anti-progestin
e. A selective dopamine reuptake inhibitor - ANSA
Carpal tunnel syndrome is associated with:
a. Ability to flex the distal interphalangeal joint of the thumb
b. Sensory loss over the thenar eminence
c. Inability of the thumb to abduct
d. Weakness in wrist flexion
e. Impaired sensation over the palmar surface of the little and ring fingers - ANSA
A study examines the association of smoking with colorectal cancer (CRC). A total of 86
individuals with CRC were recruited and matched by age and sex with 313 individuals
without CRC.
Which ONE of the following options MOST correctly describes the design of this study and
the effect size which can be calculated corresponding to the study design?
a. Case-control study and odds ratio
b. Cross-sectional study and odds ratio
c. Cross-over randomised control trial and absolute risk reduction
d. Randomised control trial and numbers needed to treat
e.Cohort study and relative risk - ANSA
Transmission of a nerve impulse from a motor neuron to a skeletal muscle fibre:
a. Involves ionic currents (Na+, Ca2+) through gap junctions spanning the synaptic cleft
b. Requires the simultaneous arrival of action potentials from several motor neurons
c. Is initiated when acetylcholine binds to acetylcholinesterase
d. Requires vesicle fusion at the postsynaptic membrane
e. Activates a postsynaptic cation channel that binds acetylcholine - ANSE
In the initial assessment of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer, which ONE of the
following is LEAST important?
a. Measurement of a CEA level
b. Exclusion of metastatic disease in the liver and lungs
c. Exclusion of rectal bleeding and bowel obstruction
d. Assessment of the patient's co-morbidities
e. Assessment of the family history - ANSA
A 49-year-old woman experienced irregular menstruation for the past 3 years. Which ONE of
the following signs is MOST LIKELY to occur over the next 12 months?
a. A widened thermoregulatory zone
b. Increased size of the uterus
c. Increased vaginal muscle tone
d. Increased collagen production in the pelvic supporting structures
e. Increased likelihood of urinary tract infections - ANSE
The management of colorectal cancer is guided by all of the following principles EXCEPT:
a. Resection of the draining lymph nodes lying along the blood vessels supplying the tumour
b. Resection of the tumour with a cuff of normal tissue when the tumour is locally invasive
c. Relief of large bowel obstruction with surgery or the insertion of a colonic stent
d. Resection of the tumour to prevent ongoing bleeding
e. The use of pre-operative radiotherapy in locally invasive colon cancer - ANSE
The signs of morphine toxicity include:
a. Muscle aches, dilated pupils, constipation
b. Drowsiness, myoclonus, confusion
c. Constipation, drowsiness, hallucinations
d. Constipation, hearing impairment, taste disturbance
e. Fevers, myoclonus, drowsiness - ANSB
A 53-year-old woman is having 3 to 6 hot flushes a day and experiences dyspareunia. It is 2
years since her last menstrual cycle. Her predicted cardiovascular risk score is 4%. She has
low bone density, an intact uterus, and no history of breast cancer. Which ONE of the
following treatments would be MOST suitable for this patient?
a. Oestrogen-only hormone replacement therapy
b. Ospemifene - a selective oestrogen receptor modulator
c. Combined oestrogen and progestin hormone replacement therapy
d. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
e. Clonidine - an α2-adrenergic receptor inhibitor - ANSC
A weak sensory stimulus elicits an action potential in a nerve axon. During the repolarisation
and after hyperpolarisation phases of this action potential, all of the following statements are
true, EXCEPT:
a. K+ ions are leaving the axon
b. The membrane conductance for K+ reaches its peak value
c. The membrane potential reaches a more negative value than at rest
d. The same stimulus is likely to elicit another action potential
e. The voltage-gated Na+ channels are mostly inactivated - ANSD
, In bone remodelling:
a. Osteoprotegerin secretion increases calcium release
b. Osteoclasts secrete the osteoid seam
c. Osteoprotegerin inhibits RANKL stimulation of osteoclast activity
d. Osteoclasts secrete RANKL
e. RANKL increases collagen secretion at the resorption bays - ANSC
A 53-year-old menopausal woman has osteoporosis and is reporting night sweats and hot
flushes. She has a family history of breast cancer. Which ONE of the following classes of
drug is MOST SUITABLE to treat her symptoms?
a. An oestrogen
b. A selective oestrogen receptor modulator
c. An α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist
d. An anti-progestin
e. A selective dopamine reuptake inhibitor - ANSA
Carpal tunnel syndrome is associated with:
a. Ability to flex the distal interphalangeal joint of the thumb
b. Sensory loss over the thenar eminence
c. Inability of the thumb to abduct
d. Weakness in wrist flexion
e. Impaired sensation over the palmar surface of the little and ring fingers - ANSA
A study examines the association of smoking with colorectal cancer (CRC). A total of 86
individuals with CRC were recruited and matched by age and sex with 313 individuals
without CRC.
Which ONE of the following options MOST correctly describes the design of this study and
the effect size which can be calculated corresponding to the study design?
a. Case-control study and odds ratio
b. Cross-sectional study and odds ratio
c. Cross-over randomised control trial and absolute risk reduction
d. Randomised control trial and numbers needed to treat
e.Cohort study and relative risk - ANSA
Transmission of a nerve impulse from a motor neuron to a skeletal muscle fibre:
a. Involves ionic currents (Na+, Ca2+) through gap junctions spanning the synaptic cleft
b. Requires the simultaneous arrival of action potentials from several motor neurons
c. Is initiated when acetylcholine binds to acetylcholinesterase
d. Requires vesicle fusion at the postsynaptic membrane
e. Activates a postsynaptic cation channel that binds acetylcholine - ANSE
In the initial assessment of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer, which ONE of the
following is LEAST important?
a. Measurement of a CEA level
b. Exclusion of metastatic disease in the liver and lungs
c. Exclusion of rectal bleeding and bowel obstruction
d. Assessment of the patient's co-morbidities
e. Assessment of the family history - ANSA
