Nursing 3366 Week 6 Alterations in Hematologic Systems
Questions With Complete Solutions
acute leukemias are characterized by... Correct Answers an
abrupt onset and increased WBC immature cells (acute
lymphocytic, acute myelogenous)
chronic leukemias are characterized by... Correct Answers the
predominant cells is mature but doesn't function correctly
(chronic lymphocytic, chronic myelogenous)
classifications for anemias Correct Answers according to the
changes in shape, substance, or size of the RBC
- shape: abnormalities in shape (Sickle Cell)
- substance: reduced hemoglobin content (hypochromic)
- size: micro, normo, or macrocytic anemias
how can malignancies cause splenomegaly? Correct Answers
cancers especially like leukemia will cause an excess number of
WBCs that come through the spleen making it swell
how do you treat multiple myeloma? Correct Answers
chemotherapy, radiation, bone marrow transplantation
how does infection or inflammation cause splenomegaly?
Correct Answers - viral (hepatitis, mononucleosis (Epstein-Barr
Virus), CMV)
- bacterial (TB)
, how is leukemia classified? Correct Answers according to
predominant cell (myeloid or lymphoid) and the onset (acute or
chronic)
how to diagnose anemias Correct Answers - look at the RBC
count, if below the normal limit, the patient is anemic
- next look at the MCV, this could normal, high or low and
correlates to the size of the RBCs (micro, normo, macro)
CBC may also show
- low hemoglobin (Hgb)
- low hematocrit (Hct)
hypersplenism S/S Correct Answers - anemia due to RBC
decrease
- increased risk of infection due to WBC decrease
- easy bleeding due to platelet decrease
leukemia S/S Correct Answers - leukocytosis (giant increase,
not just an infection WBC count)
- thrombocytopenia that leads to easy bleeding and bruising
- anemia leading to fatigue and SOB
- ease of infection because anaplasia of WBCs
macrocytic anemia S/S Correct Answers - decrease in RBC
count
- fatigue
- weakness
- SOB
- dull mentation
- large MCV value
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