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Lecture notes Business mathematics (BMD115D)
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Notes and in depth explanation of how to deal with percentages.
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36CHAPTER 5
PERCENTAGES
AIM: Introduction to percentages
To convert fractions to percentages
To calculate percentages of quantities
5.1 INTRODUCTION
We have all heard of the word percentage, whether it was at school or just while listening to two
businessmen talking about their profits and losses. It is good to talk about percentages, but what
exactly is a percentage ?
A percentage is a fraction of which the denominator is 100.
The Latin word for 100 is ' centum '. The word percentage therefore actually means ' per 100 '.
So, a percentage is the number of items or people per 100 items or people.
EXAMPLE 5.1
If it is known that the ' Bafana Bafana 's ' win 80 percent of their soccer matches, that implies that
the ' Bafana Bafana's ' will win 80 matches, if they play a 100 matches.
( They will win 80 matches per 100 )
Figure 5.1
Mathematicians do not like doing unnecessary work. To write out the word percentage every time
it must be used, will mean unnecessary work. Therefore the ' % ' - sign is used, as the symbol for
percentage.
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