Paper 2 - Comparative Politics: Government and Pol (7152)
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Government and Politics of the USA - Paper 2 AQA A-Level Politics Summary Flashcards for A* (2024)
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Paper 2 - Comparative Politics: Government and Pol (7152)
Institution
AQA
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AQA A-level Politics: Government and Politics of the UK, Government and Politics of the USA and Comparative Politics
Clear, concise, comprehensive, organised flashcard-like, easy-to-read summary notes on AQA A Level Paper 2 of Government and Politics of the USA.
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Government and Politics
Paper 2 - Comparative Politics: Government and Pol (7152)
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Government & Politics Paper 2
1. US Constitution 2. Comparing 3. Congress 4. US Executive 5. Comparing E
Constitutions
6. US Judiciary 7. Comparing Judiciaries 8. US Elections and 9. US Political parties 10.Comparing E
Democracy and Party sys
11.US Pressure groups 12.Comparing Pressure 13.Civil rights 14.Comparing Civil rights
groups
1
,1. US Constitution
2
,Key features of the US Constitution
1. ‘Representative 2. Fear of mass democracy 3. Blend of specificity and 4. Articles ordered
government, not vagueness deliberately
democracy’ • Founding Fathers
recognised tyranny of • implied powers: powers of a. Congress 1st: princ
• no mention of ‘one man, one majority. fed. govt. only vaguely player.
vote’. • Hamilton: ‘Nothing but a outlined. b. president 2nd: trou
• aligned with JS Mill’s fear for permanent body can check - i.e. defence. shooter – focus on
direct democracy. the imprudence of • enumerated powers are than powerful figur
• indirect election of president democracy.’ explicitly spelt out. ‘tyrannical’ monarc
via Electoral College. - this permanent body is the - i.e. president is commander- c. Supreme Court 3rd
• Senate initially chosen Constitution. in-chief of armed forces. specific role or req
indirectly by state • this fear also caused - designed to be long-lasting
legislatures – changed in amendments to be and enduring – not easily
1913 17th Amendment. deliberately difficult to be changed.
made formally.
3
, Significance of constitutional principles
1. Vagueness and silence 2. Need for a referee 3. Game of gridlock 4. Elections
• offers both strengths and • precedent set by Marbury v • designed to promote • conduct of election
weaknesses. Madison (1803). cooperation and determined by indi
• adaptable without formal compromise between states ⟶ different
changes to clauses, but lack • interprets the Constitution branches – but reality methods of voting
of certainty has been proven • ⟶ very powerful proves otherwise. states.
unhelpful. • ∵ constitutional sovereignty. • competition and deadlock, • state-based focus
• where there is no clarity, the - Charles Evans Hughes: ‘We i.e. 35-day long govt. elections ⟶ contro
SC steps in. are under a Constitution, but shutdown 2018-19 Trump over stricter voter
the Constitution is what the wall.
judges say it is.’
- i.e. Kansas and
• division and inefficiency. Mississippi voter
• led to inevitable
politicisation.
4
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