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DHN 517 Final exam with correct answers 2024
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  • DHN 517 Fi

Be able to calculate IBW correct answers IBW Men: 106 lbs for 5 ft plus 6 lbs per inch IBW Women: 100 lbs for 5 ft plus 5 lbs per inch %IBW correct answers %IBW= actual body weight/ ideal body weight %UBW correct answers %UBW= actual body weight/ usual weight Critically Ill, BMI 30-50 ...

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  • August 24, 2024
  • 30
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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DHN 517 Final

Be able to calculate IBW correct answers IBW Men: 106 lbs for 5 ft plus 6 lbs per inch
IBW Women: 100 lbs for 5 ft plus 5 lbs per inch

%IBW correct answers %IBW= actual body weight/ ideal body weight

%UBW correct answers %UBW= actual body weight/ usual weight

Critically Ill, BMI 30-50 correct answers 11-14kcal/kg ABW

Critically Ill, BMI >50 correct answers 22-25kcal/kg IBW

Critically Ill BMI <30 correct answers Penn St.

Not CI, BMI >30 correct answers MSJ

Not CI, BMI <30 correct answers 20-35kcal/kg ABW (5 cal. range)

What are the functions of the adrenal glands? correct answers Helps control blood
sugar.
Burn protein and fat.
React to stressors.
Regulate blood pressure.
Produce important hormones

Know the hormones that are produced from the adrenal glands. correct answers -
Cortisol
- Aldosterone
- Epinephrine
- Norepinephrine

Understand Addison's Disease and the MNT correct answers Adrenal glands are not
producing enough hormones- adrenal insufficiency
Primary: Something is wrong with the adrenal gland itself
Secondary: something is wrong with the hypothalamus and pituitary gland

Symptoms for Addison's Disease: correct answers - Fatigue
- Hypoglycemia
- Darkening of the face and skin
- Anorexia with unintentional weight loss
- GI problems (nausea, vomiting, pain)

,- Excessive sweating with salt cravings
- Potentially osteoporosis (related to treatment)

Know the impacts of chronic adrenal stress correct answers - Affects communication
between the brain and hormone-secreting glands
- Decreases conversion of T4 to active forms of T3 (thyroid hormones)
- Interferes with biotransformation pathways (pathways associated with life)
(metabolism)
- Cells lose sensitivity to thyroid hormones.
- Weakens the immune barriers of the digestive tract, lungs, and brain

Be able to offer treatments for adrenal stress/fatigue. correct answers - B-complex
vitamins
- Exercise in moderation
- Low glycemic load, nutrient dense diet
- Anti anxiolytic/sedative botanicals
- Probiotics
- Optimize sleep habits.
- Relaxation and stress management

Within the RAAS, understand the function of the adrenal glands. What triggers a
response to secrete aldosterone and what does that result in? correct answers
Angiotensin stimulates adrenal gland then stimulates production/secretion of
aldosterone - causes H2O to be retained

Cushing Syndrome correct answers Too much hormone, commonly from exogenous
supply (outside medication) in the form of steroids

Symptoms of Cushing syndrome: correct answers - Weight gain
- Increased fat synthesis
- Insulin resistance
- Muscle loss
- A buffalo lump (fatty hump between shoulders)
- Moon face (rounded)
- Pink/purple stretch marks

Treatment for Cushing syndrome: correct answers - Weight management
- Rebuild and preserve lean body mass
- Sodium reduction
- Prioritize vitamin D and calcium

What does the thyroid help regulate? correct answers - Glucose and homeostasis
- Fat and carb metabolism
- Body temperature
- Heart rate

, What are the three hormones that the thyroid produces? correct answers - Thyroxine
(T4)
- Triiodothyronine (T3)
- Calcitonin (parathyroid uses)

Which enzyme in the thyroid is responsible for thyroid hormone production? correct
answers - Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) (needed for T4, T3 production)

Which thyroid hormone is more biologically active? correct answers T3

Which gland is the master gland of the endocrine system? correct answers Pituitary
Gland

Why is the pituitary glad considered the master gland? What does this gland release
that stimulates the thyroid? correct answers Produces and secretes thyrotropin-
releasing hormone (TRH) which stimulates release of TSH from pituitary.

Know general assessment methods for thyroid and how they can be used to help
diagnose thyroid issues. correct answers - Full thyroid panel or thyrotropin (TSH)
thyroid stimulating hormone is used to assess thyroid status
- Typical TSH range: 0.2-5.5 mIU/l
- Level under .2 is associated with increased risk of hypothyroidism over next 20 years
- Decreased TSH with normal/high T4 or T3 suggests hyperthyroidism

What are the main causes of goiter? correct answers - Iodine deficiency
- Hashimoto's disease
- Goitrogenic foods
- Pregnancy
Menopause

how do goitrogenic foods play a role? correct answers - The foods contain sulfur which
compete with iodine.
- Interferes with the production of T4 and T3

What is needed in addition to high intake of goitrogenic foods to elicit a negative effect?
correct answers Iodine Deficiency

What is iodine's role in thyroid status? correct answers - Helps produce T3 and T4
- Iodine supplemented with iron results in greater improvements in thyroid function
- Cofactor and stimulator for the enzyme TPO

What is the main cause of hypothyroidism worldwide and in the US? Why???? correct
answers iodine deficiency- Under production of hormones

Know the MEDICAL treatment of Hashimoto's thyroiditis correct answers thyroid
hormone replacement

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