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Chapter 17 Human Development, Conception Through Adolescence
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- Oxford College Of Emory University
Chapter 17 Human Development, Conception Through Adolescence
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Voorbeeld van de inhoud
DAWITChapter 17: Human Development: Conception Through Adolescence
Yoost & Crawford: Fundamentals of Nursing: Active Learning for Collaborative
Practice, 3RD Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse is asked by the parent of a pediatric patient to explain the difference between
growth and development. Which response by the nurse is best?
a. ―Growth is physical while development relates to physical, emotional, and
cognitive function.‖
b. ―There is no difference between the two since they occur simultaneously.‖
c. ―Development refers to musculoskeletal and nervous system abilities and growth is
a change in height and weight.‖
d. ―Both refer to an increase in abilities and functions of the child that occur
sequentially over time.‖
ANS: A
Growth relates to physical changes in height and weight. Development refers to changes in
ability across several dimensions such as physical, emotional, and cognitive. Stating that the
two are not different does not show understanding of this difference. Development is not
related strictly to changes in specific body systems. Although both refer to increases in
abilities and functioning over time, this answer is too vague to give the parent useful
information.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 17.1 TOP: Teaching/Learning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs CN
ategR
ory:I
PsyG
chosB
o.
ciaC
l InM
tegrity NOT: Concepts: Development
U S N T O
2. The pediatric nurse is treating a patient who has questions about safer sexual practices. The
patient states, ―I think I should wait until marriage to be sexually active because I‘m not sure
sex is OK outside of marriage.‖ The nurse understands the student is acting with which
component of Freud‘s theory?
a. Id
b. Ego
c. Superego
d. Anal
ANS: C
The superego is the structure that houses the moral branch of personality. The Id acts strictly
on instinct without consideration of reality. The Ego is partly conscious but does not consider
right from wrong. Freud‘s theory contains the ―anal phase.‖
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 17.1 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity NOT: Concepts: Development
3. The nurse is collecting a history from the parents of a 4-year-old female at a well-child visit.
The parents express concern that they often find their daughter performing what appears to be
masturbation. The nurse offers reassurance by explaining which stage of development
according to Freud?
a. Oral
b. Phallic
NURSINGTB.COM
, DAWIT
c. Anal
d. Latency
ANS: B
The phallic stage occurs between the ages of 3 and 6 years, and pleasure centers on the child‘s
discovery that self-stimulation is enjoyable. The oral stage is seen in infants where pleasure
centers around the mouth and putting things in the mouth. The Anal stage occurs between 18
months and 3 years of age and is when tension and release of tension occur through anal
elimination. The latency stage occurs between the ages of 6 years and puberty during which
interest in sexuality is repressed.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 17.1 TOP: Teaching/Learning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity NOT: Concepts: Development
4. A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a new mother about the Erikson stage of trust
versus mistrust. What education should the nurse provide to the mother to help her child
successfully master this stage?
a. Consistently provide your child with food and attention.
b. Ensure someone is able to feed your child on a schedule.
c. Allow unrestricted crawling and exploring as the child develops.
d. Provide firm guidelines for behavior and activities.
ANS: A
The most important item needed for a child to master this stage of development is a consistent
caregiver who provides food and attention. If the caregiver is inconsistent or unable to meet
these needs, the child will develop mistrust of those around him. Ensuring that someone feeds
the child is not providing consistency. Allowing exploration within limits (setting boundaries)
is important to master initiatiN
veUvReS
r sI
usNsG mB
haT e.
anCdOdM
oubt.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 17.1 TOP: Teaching/Learning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Psychosocial Integrity NOT: Concepts: Development
5. The nurse is caring for a patient that is actively trying to conceive a child but continues to
drink alcohol. The patient states that she‘ll stop drinking once she is pregnant. What is the
most appropriate response by the nurse?
a. ―Abstaining is best since most fetal development occurs before you realize you are
pregnant.‖
b. ―Small amounts of alcohol are safe at any time during pregnancy.‖
c. ―Things will be okay if you quit drinking alcohol once you know you are
pregnant.‖
d. ―Alcohol use should be avoided early in pregnancy but is acceptable past week
20.‖
ANS: A
Rapid development occurs before many women know that they are pregnant, making alcohol
consumption unsafe at any time during pregnancy.
DIF: Applying OBJ: 17.2 TOP: Teaching/Learning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
NOT: Concepts: Development
NURSINGTB.COM
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