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RTF 305 Exam Questions And Correct Answers @ 2024
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RTF 305 Exam Questions And Correct Answers@ 2024
Digital Convergence - Answer can refer to the intersection of all data content in digital
format (writing, sound, pictures), intersection of media technologies with computers
(books, tv), intersection of corporations that deal with this type of technology (apple,
Disney), intersection of social processes that deal with this type of technology (news,
education, entertainment). Important because it allows for the collaboration of different
types of media forms in a new digital format.
Technological convergence - Answer Integration of media that were once distinct In their
forms and use. Examples? Nano - mp3 player, radio, VIDEO; Kindle - books, on screen;
Tv: instant replays, shifting points of view, 3D movies; Social media in general is more
multitasking; Why is texting so much more common than calling? Less interactive than a
phone call, More interactive the media is the more control, More discrete, more private,
Multitasking
Economic convergence - Answer the notion that globalization will result in the world's
poorer countries gradually catching up with more advanced economies
Conglomeration - Answer are big businesses or corporations that own seemingly
unrelated holdings. They are made up of diverse parts from across several media
industries and are involved in multiple areas of business activity.
Evolution to an information society - Answer The evolution and progression of
communication formats through time; oral in the preagricultural, print in the agricultural,
mass communication in the industrial, and digital in our now information society.
Oral communication - Answer prevalent in pre-agricultural societies of hunters and
gatherers who depended on spoken word to communicate within the community. Stories
were passed down through generations by the power of speech and memory. Because
these societies were small and community-based, communication did not need to
transcend the realms of space and time. Today stories that originated as oral
,communication exist in fairytales and folktales.
Written Communication - Answer When agricultural societies developed they became
more settled and complex. Many were still illiterate but those who were literate, mostly
the upper class, could use writing as an easier way to preserve stories than oral
communication. Writing, unlike the spoken word can more easily transcend time and
space boundaries. At this time, The Bible and the Koran were copied by hand and had a
large influence as some of the first written works.
Industrial society and communication - Answer the Industrial Revolution extended
Gutenberg's methods to the manufacture of not just newsprint, but virtually all types of
goods. Industrial production ( and higher wages) was centered in large cities, triggering a
mass migration from rural areas to cities and from agricultural jobs to manufacturing.
Growing urban populations with money to spend on manufactured goods provided ready
audiences as newspapers expanded to become the first advertising supported medium of
mass communication.
Impact of Digital Media on Society - Answer The media and society have always adapted
to one another. The first consumer communications medium to be digitized was the
telephone, beginning in 1962 with digital equipment buried deep within AT& T's network.
Today, telephone conversations are converted to digital form in your cell phone handset
and travel as computer data throughout the tele-phone network. Digitization first hit the
production rooms of print media in the late 1960s. Now it is only in the final printing
process that the words and images are converted from computer code to analog print
image. Thou-sands of newspapers and magazines are also available electronically. Now
most film editing is done on computer and digital 35-mm cameras are in wide-spread use.
Video games were digital from the start. The CD recordings reached consumers in 1982.
Now the online portability of MP3 files, iPods, and subscriptions are revolutionizing
music distribution as well as listening. Cable went digital in part to meet competition from
direct broad-cast satellites ( DBS) that began beaming hundreds of channels of digital
programming directly to home dishes in 1995. Now many cable subscribers enjoy
high-speed Internet access and telephone service as well. HDTV, which uses digital
formats to transmit wider and clearer pictures, replaced conventional television
completely in 2009. high-def radio, reached the air in 2004 to compete with digital satellite
radio services and with streaming audio on the Internet. Digital video recorders threaten
broadcasters with their ability to skip commercials and to personalize viewing. Internet
television distribution challenges the basic concept of broadcasting to mass audiences.
Thus, the media are becoming an integral part of our information society. There is an
emerging, broader view of the media that encompasses telecommunications as w
, First Copy & Marginal Costs - Answer The first copy costs are initially the costs of
creating the first unit for that particular product. Marginal costs are incremental costs
varied on the number of units that are produced. With marginal costs, it's much cheaper
to duplicate and create more production of a single unit than the first copy costs.
Economies of scale - Answer Each unit costs decrease when the production quantities
increase., as a company produces larger numbers of a particular product, the cost of
each of these products goes down
Diffusion of Innovations - Answer a theory that describes the reasons why people follow
innovating trends in a qualitative and quantitative way. When a new technology comes
along it spreads throughout the community through media and interpersonal
communication. Some people like to be the first to try something new and others tend to
wait until they see that a technology has been proven to be popular amongst the majority
before they get it. The Innovation Diffusion curve follows a curve similar to the Gaussian
Distribution or normal curve. This curve can be described as a bell curve. The first people
to try the new technology are the innovators, the second are the early majority, then the
late majority, and finally come the laggards.
Vertical & Horizontal integration - Answer Horizontal and Vertical integration are two
approaches to the same goal of having more control over a given industry. Vertical
integration does this by attempting to procure ownership of every step of a service's
path. Horizontal integration occurs often when a company wants a hand in many different
markets or to benefit from another company's existing following; the services can be
unrelated but integrated to reach a wider audience.
Cross-ownership - Answer The trend toward single company ownership of several kinds
of media outlets.
Monopoly, Oligopoly, & Duopoly - Answer One company dominates market, a few does,
two do
Political Economy - Answer Society's ongoing struggle for power, class, and domination.
It is repetitive throughout history. It involves a similar idea to the law of supply and
demand. The media reflects the interests of the class in power & is biased. None of this is
possible without funding. Big corporations are funded by major banks, which fund the
advertisements and media to their liking, thus controlling the media.
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