NSC 3361 Psychopathology Test with Correct Answers
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Course
NSC 3361 Psychopathology
Institution
NSC 3361 Psychopathology
NSC 3361 Psychopathology Test with Correct Answers
What is the role of ketamine in stress and depression? - Answer-ketamine causes upsurge in glutamate, restoring synaptic functioning
What will likely replace ECT for treatment of severe acute depression? - Answer-ketamine
How is sleep dist...
NSC 3361 Psychopathology Test with
Correct Answers
What is the role of ketamine in stress and depression? - Answer-ketamine causes
upsurge in glutamate, restoring synaptic functioning
What will likely replace ECT for treatment of severe acute depression? - Answer-
ketamine
How is sleep disturbed in depression? - Answer-deep slow-wave sleep is reduced,
fragmented, patients enter REM sleep quickly, with increased REM sleep in first half of
night
What do individuals with bipolar disorder alternate or cycle between? - Answer-
depression and mania
Bipolar psychotic symptoms include: - Answer-delusions, hallucinations, paranoia,
bizarre behavior, similar to schizophrenia
What are symptoms of mania? - Answer-excess energy, confidence, grandiose thinking,
little need to sleep, hypersexual drive, drug abuse
What is one gene affected in bipolar disorder? - Answer-clock
Cycling in bipolar disorder - Answer-regular in some and unpredictable in others; cycle
length varies from days to months
Activity in which area of the brain varies with mood state? - Answer-ventral prefrontal
cortex
What is smaller in people who are depressed? - Answer-ventromedial cortex, neuron
number is normal, but glial cells are much reduced
Where do some brain defects in schizophrenia apparently stem from? - Answer-
environmental exposures during pregnancy
What neurons in the hippocampus are disorganized in schizophrenia? - Answer-
pyramidal neurons
What parts of the brain are smaller in some schizophrenics? - Answer-hippocampus
and amygdala
, What is hyperfrontality in schizophrenia? - Answer-under activity of temporal lobe and
frontal lobe
there is also loss of gray matter and less metabolic activity in what lobes? - Answer-
frontal and temporal
what is one hypothesis about where schizophrenia results from? - Answer-excess
synaptic dopamine or increased post synaptic sensitivity to it
what are neuroleptics? - Answer-DA antagonists
what does chronic amphetamine use produce? - Answer-a schizophrenia-like syndrome
what Parkinson treatment may produce psychosis? - Answer-L-dopa
what levels are in the auditory thalamus are higher in schizophrenics? - Answer-D2
levels
what are the problems of the dopamine (DA) hypothesis? - Answer-- schizophrenics
have normal DA metabolite levels
- Drugs block DA receptors much faster than symptoms are reduced
- positive symptoms respond better to DA blocking drugs
- some patients don't improve on anti dopamine drugs.
what do atypical neuroleptic drugs do? - Answer-block serotonin and D2 receptors;
some increase dopamine in frontal cortex
What is the schizophrenia - glutamate hypothesis - Answer-- under activation of
glutamate receptors
PCP is an NMDA receptor antagonist, how does it affect glutamate? - Answer-PCP
prevents glutamate from acting normally
Schizophrenia could also be caused by overactivity of what? - Answer-
endocannabinoids
what receptor does endocannabinoids act on, and what does it do - Answer-CB1
receptors; CB1 inhibits other neurotransmitters
EC levels are ______ in CSF of schizophrenics - Answer-elevated
what is the most common mood disorder - Answer-depression
symptoms of normal depression - Answer-- normal reaction to life events
- mood described as blue
- few other symptoms
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