Exam (elaborations)

Exam 3 - NUR529 Questions and Correct Answers & Latest Updated

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Course
NUR529

Institution
NUR529

What is the gut microflora? o :## A diverse bacterial community in the gut. What are the major functions of the gut microflora? o :## Metabolic activities, trophic effects, and protection against pathogens. Why do the stomach and small intestine contain only a few species of bacteria? o :## Du...

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Uploaded on August 25, 2024
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exam 3 nur529 questions and correct answers l

Institution NUR529
Course NUR529

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1|Page: 2024/2025 Grade A+

Exam 3 - NUR529 Questions and Correct
Answers & Latest Updated
What is the gut microflora?

o :## A diverse bacterial community in the gut.

What are the major functions of the gut microflora?

o :## Metabolic activities, trophic effects, and protection against pathogens.

Why do the stomach and small intestine contain only a few species of bacteria?

o :## Due to acidic and propulsive luminal contents.

What factors influence the colonization of the GI tract?

o :## Passage through birth canal, diet, neonatal care, stress, pH, and immunologic status.

What is the major metabolic function of colonic microflora?

o :## Fermentation of undigestible dietary residue and endogenous mucus.

What is the role of colonic microorganisms in vitamin synthesis?

o :## They synthesize vitamin K.

What is the source of energy in the colon?

o :## Fermentation of nondigestible carbohydrates.

Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 25, 2024 Latest Update

,2|Page: 2024/2025 Grade A+

What nutrients are absorbed by colonic microorganisms?

o :## Calcium, magnesium, and iron.

What is resident gut flora?

o :## Endogenous microbes in gut

What is colonization resistance?

o :## Protection against exogenous microbes

What does gut flora restrict?

o :## Opportunistic bacteria growth

What is the primary treatment for celiac disease?

o :## Removal of gluten from the diet.

What is gluten?

o :## The primary protein in wheat, barley, and rye.

Can oat products be consumed by individuals with celiac disease?

o :## Yes, as long as they are not contaminated with wheat during processing.

What types of food are free of gluten?

o :## Meats, vegetables, fruits, and dairy products.

Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 25, 2024 Latest Update

,3|Page: 2024/2025 Grade A+

What is the result of complete exclusion of dietary gluten?

o :## Rapid and complete healing of the intestinal mucosa.

What is acute gastritis?

o :## Acute mucosal inflammation in the stomach.

What are the symptoms of acute gastritis?

o :## Emesis, pain, hemorrhage, and ulceration.

What causes acute gastritis?

o :## Local irritants such as aspirin, NSAIDs, alcohol, or bacterial toxins.

What can complicate acute hemorrhagic gastritis?

o :## Oral administration of corticosteroids.

What is bilirubin?

o :## Final product of heme breakdown in RBCs

What gives bile its color?

o :## Bilirubin

What is free bilirubin?

o :## Insoluble bilirubin attached to plasma albumin

Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 25, 2024 Latest Update

, 4|Page: 2024/2025 Grade A+

What is conjugated bilirubin?

o :## Soluble bilirubin in bile

Where is free bilirubin converted to conjugated bilirubin?

o :## Inside hepatocytes

What happens to conjugated bilirubin?

o :## Secreted as a constituent of bile

What happens to bilirubin in the small intestine?

o :## Half is converted to urobilinogen by intestinal flora

What happens to urobilinogen produced in the intestine?

o :## Half is absorbed into portal circulation, remaining excreted in feces

What happens to absorbed urobilinogen?

o :## Returned to liver to be reexcreted into bile

What is the role of hepatocytes in bilirubin metabolism?

o :## Convert free bilirubin to conjugated bilirubin

What is the fate of bilirubin after it is secreted as a constituent of bile?

o :## Passes through bile ducts into small intestine

Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 25, 2024 Latest Update

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Exam 3 - NUR529 Questions and Correct Answers & Latest Updated

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